Police Roles and Functions Flashcards
4th amendment
protects against unreasonable searches and seizures
5th Amendment
Guarantees people the right to be free from self-incrimination
List of Roles and Fuctions of the police
- enforcing laws
- preventing crimes
- providing support services
- emergency responses
Proactive Policing
agressive law enforment - enforcing minor regulation. (disorderly conducts, traffic laws)
probable cause
a reasonable belief, known personally or through reliable sources, that a person has committed a crime. Essentially means that an officer has enough evidence to lead a reasonable person to believe that the items searched for are connected with criminal activity and will be found in the place to be searched.
Reasonable Suspicion
officer knows several minor facts or a larger fact or a large fact from an unknown reliability that points to a particular person engaging in some criminal activity
Exigent Circumstance
emergency situation requiring swift action to prevent imminent danger to life or serious damage to property, or to forestall the imminent escape of a suspect, or destruction of evidence.
Consent Search
person gives the right to be searched
Plain View Search
something visible which does not require a warrant
Miranda Warning
the miranda rights that must be given during an arrest
Directed Patrol
tactic used by law enforcement officers to try to prevent crime before it happens
Search Warrant
warrant much be specific of where, what they are looking for and what they can take.
Exclusionary Rule
All evidence obtained by unreasonable searches and seizures is inadmissible in criminal trials
Stop and Frisk
A “stop and frisk” is when a police
officer stops a person to question
them and – for self-protection only –
carries out a limited pat-down search
for weapons (a “frisk”).
Mapp v. Ohio
the case about Mapp’s home being searched w/o a warrant to look for someone and them finding pornography and arresting her for it
Miranda V. Arizona
the Supreme Court ruled that detained criminal suspects, prior to police questioning, must be informed of their constitutional right to an attorney and against self-incrimination
Bond
A bond is a written
guarantee that the full bail amount
will be paid if the suspect fails to
appear as promised
Interogation
Explicit questoining
Reid Technique
good cop bad cop technique
Bail
Bail is a process where an arrested criminal suspect is allowed to pay
money in exchange for his or her release from police custody, usually
after booking. As a condition of release, the suspect promises to appear in court for all scheduled criminal proceedings
Needed for a judge to issue a warrant
a finding by the court that there is probable cause to believe that a criminal offense was committed and that the defendant was the actor.
