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Police Ethics > Police Ethics > Flashcards

Police Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

What are the three types of power that the police can use

A

Exhortation

Reciprocity

Coercion

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2
Q

Everything the officer does hinges on the understanding of

A

the basis or right conduct or ethics

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3
Q

Breaking procedural law in order to enforce substantive law refers to

A

noble cause corruption

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4
Q

what is the paradox of police para militarism

A

while almost everything about paramilitarism is bad for police community relations under certain limited circumstances such as riots it is necessary

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5
Q

what makes us different from all other species

A

our norms rules and laws (our ethics)

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6
Q

what are the two types of justice

A

substantive and procedural

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7
Q

Under Kants Ethical formalism, the whole moral worth of an act comes from

A

the nature of its motivation and not from what the act brings about (its consequences)

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8
Q

Katns Ethical Formalism and the Categorical Imperative are consistent with the philosophy of

A

Absolutism

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9
Q

Taking the utilitarian perspective, when judging what is the right or wrong thing to do in life, only criterion to be considered is

A

the good or evil 9the consequences) a choice would bring into the world

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10
Q

which of the following criticisms of utilitarianism is perhaps the most troublesome for police officers since it involves one of the central roles the police play in society. that role is:

A

deterring criminal activity

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11
Q

How does mills’s harm principle translate into police work

A

police officers ought to leave people alone; not take official action, as often as possible when no one is directly harmed

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12
Q

which of the following theories of crime causation can be a problem in police circles

A

rational-choice theory

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13
Q

which of the following is cited as central to the problems of police corruption of authority and police crime

A

Greed and opportunity

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14
Q

The law enforcement code of ethics is described as aspirational. An ideal model of what the profession should be like and how the professional should behave its strength lies in

A

its idealism

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15
Q

Beneficence is

A

the prima facie obligation to do good

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16
Q

according to page 7, Historically, police officers have been particularly prone to think that ____ has nothing to do with real life on the streets

A

philosophy

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17
Q

according to page 25, Unfortunate, many people, both inside and outside of police work, hold a concept of ____ that is exactly the opposite of what those in the field should be working towards.

A

professionalism

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18
Q

according to page 36, first, recall that the police of today already possess a systematized ____

A

body of knowledge

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19
Q

according to page 56, the police subculture is known for its _____

A

solidarity

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20
Q

according to page 70, Durkheim was able to determine through studying suicide notes and interviewing loved ones left behind that people who commit suicide almost invariably believe that they do not hold values that are held by their peers. this feeling leads the individual to suffer from a profound identity crisis. He labeled this problem to be _____ or a feeling or normlessness

A

anomie

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21
Q

according to page 93, Police officers cannot solve all the problems of the world that are created because of diverse opinions, experiences, and possibilities. But they can and must attempt to deal ____ with the conflict that arises

A

fairly

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22
Q

according to page 108, When we recognize that we have done something wrong that is of moral consequences to another, we not only feel bad for them, we feel ___

A

remorse

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23
Q

according to page 127, For Kant, ____ not the goodness brought into peoples lives- is the most important feature of morality

A

rationality

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24
Q

according to page 145, Utilitarianisms focus on ____ suggests this immorality can be overlooked in the name of doing good (deterring criminality) for the majority”

A

deterrence

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25
Q

According to page 170, A basic principle of what scholars label the morality of law that for a criminal statute to carry moral authority it must be

A

specific

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26
Q

according to page 180, more that 50 yrs ago, sociologist ____ suggested that police work was something between a blue collar type or trade and a white collar profession

A

Jerome Skolnick

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27
Q

according to page 199, the first and most obvious examples of personal misconduct of concern to us in police

A

off-duty

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28
Q

according to page 218, ineptitude is often the product of inadvertent _____

A

incompetence

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29
Q

according to page 239, Finally, a growing dynamic throughout Americal, and unfortunately not often utilized in the world of policing, is the idea of ____

A

no fault discipline

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30
Q

according to page 254, Focusing on the specific circumstances of the individual incident, police officers, operating as ____, have to acknowledge that what is fair, just, and (even) legal in dealing with such details will never be quite the same

A

utilitarians

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31
Q

according to page 14, Because it comes with its own ____ (that of getting the job done), noble cause corruption finds support in the hearts and minds of many contemporary police officers,

A

internalized rationalization

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32
Q

according to page 27, To fight the corruption and incompetence that existed in many police circles, strict controls were placed on police officers and police organizations _____ were tightened. Uniforms and a more military look were sharpened up

A

chains of command

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33
Q

According to page 47, But the law is often of ____ utility to the police

A

marginal

34
Q

according to page 65, All norms, rules, and laws are supposed to be in the best interest of ____

A

society

35
Q

according to page 85, Our movement of understanding is onward, in the direction of ____ “Golden Mean”

A

Aristotle

36
Q

According to page 101, Throughout this work, we have stressed that ____ is the most critical aspect of ethical conduct

A

character

37
Q

according to page 118, similar to this idea that principles of absolute duty comes from a god that has a humantype personality, is the school of ____

A

natural law

38
Q

according to page 137, the ____ school began with the principle that a person should act in a way that would create the greatest happiness for the greatest number of people

A

humanist

39
Q

according to page 154, ______ notion about allowing the individual to make calculations about consequences would tend to turn police of America loose to become involved in Khadi justice

A

mills

40
Q

according to page 174, One of the classic victimless crimes is _____

A

drug use

41
Q

according to page 193, ____ involves proactive, systematic, organized payoffs

A

meat eating

42
Q

according to page 208, Crime is the product of the ____ of individuals combined with opportunities presented by life’s circumstances

A

greed

43
Q

according to page 225, As is true with teachers and coaches, the most important leader in the life of the individual police officers is ______

A

the immediate supervisor, sergeant

44
Q

according to page 248, A common criticism of an ethical code is that it is driven by _____

A

platitudes

45
Q

According to page 266, Psychologist ____ studied the development over time of morals and critical thinking

A

lawrence kohlberg

46
Q

What can be considered to be the centrally most import element of police misconduct in todays world

A

The Dirty Harry problem

47
Q

That the motives or purposes that lie behind what we do are just as applicable to others as they are to us in what makes out actions

A

moral

48
Q

To the followers to ethical formalism (Emanuel Kant), being ethical is something that everyone should do because

A

reason requires it of us

49
Q

That characteristic of wholeness, unity and completeness that means a person is well rounded in his or her approach to life is the definition of

A

integrity

50
Q

Which of the following may be the most elementary and most prevalent moral aspect of how people get along with each other as well as the condition for the development of most other moral concepts

A

justice

51
Q

most of the time, under most circumstances, thee discretionary decisions of police officers are accountable to

A

the personal ethical standards of the individual police officer

52
Q

as americans, we are born and raised with an appreciation for democratic rule. One of the principles most dear to us is that of majority rule. But utilitarianism presents us Americans with a particularly thorny problems

A

what about the rights of the minority

53
Q

In a country that respects the rule of law, there are absolute requirements regarding elements of a crime and PC. The right of habeas corpus, written into our constitution, puts those requirements about legal specificity into one our most basic legal principles

A

a person has to be charged with a particular crime to be set free

54
Q

often police officers must decide whether to invoke the law, to arrest, and or to become involved in solving problems that might otherwise be solved if people were simply left alone. When this occurs, it serves the police will to remember Mills and to ask themselves

A

whether or not someone is directly harmed by the actions of another

55
Q

The authors “Ethic to live” is

A

Maximize the good in a just way

56
Q

Two questions must be asked of police misconduct for us to fit such misbehavior in the typology of misconduct: Was the misconduct done in the name of personal gain and

A

did the misconduct involve the use of the police officers position of authority

57
Q

which of the following police review sys. is regarded as the best

A

the hybird sys. which balances between civilian review and internal review

58
Q

it is never enough that our actions simply conform to what is right. They must be done for the right reason. Only that action that would be applicable to everyone in a similar situation can be called reasonable, and not self centered or arbitrary. this is called

A

the categorical imperative

59
Q

The police have three basic sets of functions and roles: law enforcement, order maintenance and

A

services

60
Q

today, absolutist theories are most prominently represented by

A

ethical formalism

61
Q

what is an absolutist approach

A

they duty to always obey the law no matter what the circumstances

62
Q

Utilitarianism is democratic in a sense. Utilitarians believes that, in deciding ethical questions, a calculation is made regarding

A

the best means to desired end and which choice would maximize the good for the greatest

63
Q

what are the conditions that gives rise to excessive force

A

The Dirty Harry syndrome

poor training

racism

64
Q

list the types of police stereotyping

A

They use organizational shortcuts such as radio codes/penal and vehicle code sections

They normalize crime by attaching a # to it

Dealing with the constant possibility of violence, they look for symbolic assailants

65
Q

police officers are particularly prone to be confronted with ethical ?’s and ethical dilemmas in their professional lives. The first reason is that police work is all about making critical decision about other peoples lives, the second

A

police officers are often faced with conflicting interests

66
Q

the ethical police officer must be driven by the realization that the ____ type of power is a last resort

A

coercion

67
Q

the idea that a police officers character is critical to the integrity of the justice system turns on one central reality

A

police officers possess a tremendous amount of discretionary decision making power

68
Q

the idea that people should act with moderation, behaving in ways that seek a norm between defects and excesses in personal conduct refers to

A

golden mean

69
Q

emotional intelligence, how police officers interact with the public, with criminal suspects, with superiors and with subordinates in the plice organizational structure, is the same as

A

social intelligence

70
Q

a major draw back(s) to Kants absolutist philosophy is that

A

it does not help with conflicting duties

it cannot allow for reasonable exceptions

minority rights can be sacrificed in the name of blind obedience to duty

71
Q

Muirs tragic perspective involves

A

police understanding that tragedy explains a great deal of deviant behavior

72
Q

The Fort Apache metaphor symbolizes the idea that

A

The police operate in an isolated reality, surrounded by the hostile savages of society

73
Q

in what way is character unlike personality traits and physical attributes

A

our character is learned not inherited

74
Q

the two most important individual characteristics a person (or police officer) can actively work on in an effort to live a good life are: be who he or shy really is and

A

be the way they are deliberately

75
Q

ineptitude is often the product of inadvertent incompetence. When this is the case, police leaders can treat ineptitude

A

what would the reasonable person/officer do

76
Q

what better little phrase could there be for a contemporary sergeant to utilize to help with his or her focus when dealing with subordinates and their key role as ethical advisor than

A

teach and persuade

77
Q

the criteria of evaluation for police review system

A

integrity

legitimacy

learning

cost

78
Q

What are some of the weaknesses of IA review

A

it operates completely in secret

it suffers from the perception - externally- that it is unfair to citizens

it may conduct investigations w an inappropriate deference to subcultural values

79
Q

what are the characteristics of victimless crimes

A

consenting participants on both sides of the criminal act

an ongoing demand for goods/services that are provided

significant amounts of official corruption due to high profits and the absence of witness/complaining parties when officials interact with criminals

80
Q

Police officers must answer to all of the following

A

the law

the community

professional regulations

Police Ethics (1 decks)

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