PolGov (political spectrum, power) Flashcards
is a graphic representation of political ideologies along a line from left to right.
Political Spectrum
Are diagrams that plot political ideologies along two axes based on the political spectrum and social freedom
Political Compass
Political Spectrum
(Left-Right)
Social Freedom
(Authoritarian-Libertarian)
believe that society can be given a better service if the role of the government is expanded and wider in scope.
Leftists
government must play a large part in the lives of its citizen to achieve equal society
Leftists
The society is also known to have ______?
Big Government
tends to impose higher taxes on the rich to support the alleviation of the welfare of the poor
Leftists
government regulation of business and government intervention in the country’s economy
Leftists
interest of the state is the highest priority. It even supersedes all social needs.
Fascism
A society where all members enjoy benefits equally from the fruit of their collective labor.
Communism
Government focuses on projects, education, housing and public welfare.
Socialism
The political authority to govern comes from the consent of the people themselves.
Liberalism
Leftists Ideologies (4)
- Fascism
- Communism
- Socialism
- Liberalism
give priority to the exercise of individual rights and civil liberties
Rightist
a government with lesser participation in the affairs of its citizens
Rightist
social inequality is unavoidable so the integration of the laissez-faire economy will give the individuals the chance to improve their standards of living
Rightist
minimum governmental interference in the economic affairs of individuals and society
Laissez Faire
Advocates the preservation of personal wealth and private ownership with an emphasis on self-reliance and individualism.
Conservatism
Envisions a state where the government’s role is to pave the way for the individuals to enjoy their rights and to eradicate all forms of obstacles that would hinder the achievement of the citizen’s full potential.
Libertarianism
A self-managed state and is highly organized even there is an absence of rulers.
Anarchism
Rightist Ideologies (3)
- Conservatism
- Libertarianism
- Anarchism
What is Power according to Max Weber?
the possibility of imposing one’s will upon the behavior of other persons
capacity of a person to influence others, direct their behavior, and guide the flow and consequence of events
Power- Max Weber
What is power according to Kenneth E. Boulding?
our capacity to get other people to do things that contribute to what we want.
It is the ability to achieve the desired outcome at the expense of the others.
Power- Kenneth E. Boulding
What is power according to Hans J. Morgenthau?
may comprise anything that establishes and maintains control of man over man and covers all social relationship which serves that end
What is power according to George Schwarzenberger?
is the capacity to impose one’s will on others by reliance on effective sanctions in case of noncompliance.
power is viewed as containing a threat or power relationship is
marked by the presence of threats
Power- George Schwarzenberger
What is power according to Charles P. Schleicher?
the ability to make others do what they
otherwise would not do by rewarding them of something they value.
Nature of Power (4)
- Latent
- Relative
- Perceived
- Dynamic
Power is something that people have and may or may not choose to use it as a weapon or tool.
Latent
The power of one person over another depends largely on things such as the expertise of a person to another.
Relative
Power is based on one person’s belief that another has certain characteristics.
Perceived
Power relationships evolve over time as individuals gain or lose certain types of power
relative to others.
Dynamic
Dimensions of Power (3)
- Physical power
- Informational power
- Emotional power
PHYSICAL POWER
- derived from physical advantage
- you have the control over things
- comes from strength and skill or in a form of having weapons
- positive use of this power is to defend and not to harm.
INFORMATIONAL POWER
- derived from knowledge
- the power to control the access of information where others do not have
- positive use of this power is to inform and to teach
TYPES OF POWER (5)
- Legitimate power
- Reward power
- Expert power
- Referent power
- Coercive power
EMOTIONAL POWER
*is using the emotion to get what you want
- can be manifested through to ones’ charm and appeal to others
- captivates others through the way one speaks or though body language
*Positive use of this power is to comfort or
nurture and to respond to calls for help
It is received by the person as a result of his/ her position in the formal hierarchy of an organization.
Legitimate power
This power is relative to the power of the position and duties of the holder of the position within an organization
Positional power
This power depends on the ability of the power holder to confer something of value.
It refers to the degree which a person can give others a reward, such as increase in pay, benefits, desired gifts, responsibility,
promotion, or praise.
Reward power
This power comes from the power holder’s ability to persuade others,
influence them, and build loyalty.
Referent power
This power is derived from the power holder’s specific skills or expertise and the need of the organization for those skills and expertise.
limited to the area in which the expert is trained and qualified.
Expert power
This power stems from the power holder’s ability to punish or apply
negative influences. It includes the ability to withhold rewards and relies on threats, bullying, and “or else” language.
Coercive power
Consequences of power (3)
- Compliance
- Commitment
- Resistance
Refers to the situation where a person is willing to obey a legitimate and polite request
It is attained if the requests are made in a clear and concise manner
Compliance
Refers to the trust and emotional pledge that produces desirable outcome.
Commitment
Coercion is difficult to use and would result to undesirable effects such as anxiety and resentment.
Resistance
Reward and legitimate power produce _____?
Compliance
Expert and referent power produce _____?
Commitment
Resistance power produce ____?
Coercive power
