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G12 - 2nd Grading > POLGOV - Political Change > Flashcards

POLGOV - Political Change Flashcards

1
Q

refers to a significant change in a country’s government or leadership and policies. This change can occur frequently in some countries or only every few decades.

A

Political change

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2
Q

can be influenced by various factors such as economic progress, social change, and international tensions.

A

Political change

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3
Q

Enumerate the types of Political Change

A
  1. Radical Revision
  2. Sructural Revolution
  3. Change of Leaders
  4. Change of Policies
  5. Putsch, Coup D’etat
  6. Political & Social Revolution
  7. Colored Revolution
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4
Q

This type of change involves a complete transformation of the political system, often involving the overthrow of an existing regime and its replacement with a new one that represents a significant break from the past.

A

Radical Revolution

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5
Q

Examples include the fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe in 1990

A

Radiacal Change

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6
Q

This type of change involves alterations to the structure of the political system, such as changes in the constitution, the establishment of new political parties, or the shift in power between different political factions.

A

Structural Revision

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7
Q

These changes may produce significant shifts in policy and other political outcomes, but they do not represent a fundamental transformation of the regime

A

Structural Revision

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8
Q

This type of change is characterized by the replacement of one political leader or party with another, often through elections or other democratic processes. It may involve significant policy changes, but the overall political system remains relatively stable.

A

Change of Leaders

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9
Q

This type of change involves shifts in the policies and actions of a government without a fundamental transformation of the political system

A

Change of Policies

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10
Q

It can result from changes in the composition of the government, shifts in public opinion, or international pressures.

A

Change of Policies

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11
Q

These types of change involve the forcible removal of a government from power, often by a small group of political elites.

A

Putsch, Coup D’etat

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12
Q

is a rebellion or a group of politicians trying to take power without the support of the majority of the population.

A

Putsch

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13
Q

is the sudden, unexpected overthrow of a government by a small group, often involving the use of force

A

A coup d’état

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14
Q

Associated with government overthrow

A

Coup

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15
Q

Also can refer to any clever, successfully executed but unexpected plan

A

Coup

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16
Q

Associated with smaller group

A

Coup

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17
Q

Derived from German & denotes a violent blow or push

A

Putsch

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18
Q

With the connotation of an attempt rather than a successful quick action

A

Putsch

19
Q

Putsch is more _______ than a coup with a focus on the use of brute force or physical action

A

violent

20
Q

There were several plots to overthrow President Corazon Aquino involving various members of the military, some of whom were loyalists of former President Ferdinand Marcos.

A

1986 coup attempts:

21
Q

A failed coup attempt against President Aquino occurred in December 1989, which led to a military crackdown on the plotters.

A

1990 coup attempt:

22
Q

A group of military officers attempted to overthrow President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, but the coup was quickly suppressed

A

2003 coup attempt

23
Q

A group of soldiers took over a shopping center in Manila and demanded the resignation of President Arroyo, but the coup was also quickly suppressed.

A

2006 coup attempt

24
Q

A group of soldiers led by Senator Antonio Trillanes IV and Brigadier General Danilo Lim took over a hotel in Manila and called for the ouster of President Arroyo, but the coup was also quickly suppressed

A

2007 coup attempt

25
Q

This type of change involves a combination of political and social upheaval, often resulting in a transformation of both the political system and the society. It can be accompanied by significant social, economic, and cultural changes

A

Political & Social Revolution

26
Q

Examples of Political Revolution

A
  1. American Revolution (1775-183)
  2. French Revolution (1789-1794)
  3. Chinese Revolution (1949)
  4. Russian Revolution (1917)
27
Q

This revolution led to the colonies defying Britain, securing their independence, and forming a new federal republic, the United States of America. The American Revolution demonstrated the power of the ordinary citizen and inspired many others in their wake.

A

American Revolution (1775-1783)

28
Q

This revolution marked a turning point in French history, leading to the overthrow of the monarchy, the establishment of a republic, and the promotion of ideals such as liberty, equality, and fraternity. The French Revolution also inspired revolutions in other European countries and beyond.

A

French Revolution (1789-1794)

29
Q

This revolution led to the establishment of the People’s Republic of China, ending the rule of the Nationalist Party and implementing a socialist system under the leadership of the Chinese Red Army.

A

Chinese Revolution (1949)

30
Q

This revolution resulted in the overthrow of the Tsarist regime, the establishment of a provisional government, and eventually the rise of the Soviet Union under the leadership of the Bolshevik Party.

A

Russian Revolution (1917)

31
Q

Was a significant struggle for independence against the Spanish colonial rule

A

Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)

32
Q

The Philippine Revolution exposed the weakness of ________ administration but ultimately failed to evict the Spaniards from the islands. The revolution was led by key figures such as Emilio Aguinaldo, Andres Bonifacio, and Apolinario Mabini

A

Spanish

33
Q

brought Spain’s rule in the Philippines to a close in 1898, but it also precipitated the Philippine-American War, a bloody conflict between Filipino revolutionaries and the U.S. Army.

A

The Spanish-American War

34
Q

The revolution was a response to over three centuries of Spanish colonial rule, marked by abuses and restrictions on Filipino religious rights and political participation.

A

Philippine Revolution

35
Q

The rise of Filipino ____________, fueled by the exposure of Spanish abuses and the efforts of reform-minded Filipinos, paved the way for a united Filipino people.

A

nationalism

36
Q

The Philippine revolution ultimately led to the establishment of the First Philippine __________, but it also marked the beginning of a new phase of colonial rule under the United States

A

Republic

37
Q

These are revolutionary changes that are characterized by the involvement of civil society, the media, and the international community. They often involve peaceful protests and demonstrations, leading to the ousting of a government or the implementation of democratic reforms.

A

Colored Revolution

38
Q

Examples of Colored Revolution

A
  1. Rose Revolution in Georgia (2003)
  2. Orange Revolution in Ukraine (2004)
  3. Tulip Revolution in Kyrgystan (2005)
39
Q

led to the ousting of President Eduard Shevardnadze and the rise of Mikheil Saakashvili to power. The revolution was marked by peaceful protests and civil disobedience, and it resulted in significant political change in Georgia.

A

Rose Revolution in Georgia (2003)

40
Q

followed the disputed presidential election in Ukraine, leading to mass protests and the eventual annulment of the election results. The revolution resulted in the election of Viktor Yushchenko as president and marked a significant shift in Ukrainian politics.

A

Orange Revolution in Ukraine (2004)

41
Q

led to the ousting of President Askar Akayev and the establishment of a new government under Kurmanbek Bakiyev. The revolution was marked by protests and civil unrest, and it resulted in significant political change in Kyrgyzstan

A

Tulip Revolution in Kyrgystan

42
Q

The People Power Revolution in 1986, which led to the ousting of President Ferdinand Marcos and the installation of Corazon Aquino as the new president. This marked a transition from authoritarian rule to a more democratic system.
The return to democracy in 1986 restored many of the pre-martial-law era institutional features and political elites. However, the quality of the country’s democratic politics and governance has been influenced by the behavior of presidents and other powerful political and economic elites.
The rise of President Rodrigo Duterte, who took office in 2016, marked a shift in political style and priorities. Duterte’s presidency saw the implementation of strongman rule, which led to some positive changes but also raised concerns about democratic backsliding
The Duterte administration’s war on drugs, which resulted in thousands of deaths, raised questions about the rule of law and the application of justice in the Philippines.
The election of President Ferdinand Marcos Jr. in 2022, which has led to the signing of controversial bills, such as the Maharlika Investment Fund (MIF) bill, raising concerns about the concentration of power and the impact on the country’s economy and democracy

A

EXAMPLES OF POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE PHILIPPINES

43
Q
  1. The Arab Spring, which led to the overthrow of several authoritarian regimes in the Middle East and North Africa.
  2. The democratization of South Africa in the 1990s, which ended apartheid and established a multi-racial democracy.
  3. The rise of populist leaders in several developing countries, such as Jair Bolsonaro in Brazil and Rodrigo Duterte in the Philippines.
  4. The establishment of new democracies in Latin America, such as in Chile and Brazil, after decades of military rule.
  5. The fall of the Berlin Wall and the collapse of communist regimes in Central and Eastern Europe, which marked a significant advance for democracy in 1990.
  6. The rise of neoliberalism, which allowed the emergence of new global powers such as China and India, lifted hundreds of millions of people out of poverty, and unleashed powerful entrepreneurial forces in the United States and other countries.
  7. The shift in political polarization from an ideological divide between left and right to a focus on identity, which has changed the way politics are conducted in many countries.
  8. The global pandemic and its impact on political systems, leading to a desire for significant changes in many countries, including increased skepticism about the ability of the political system to effectively reform.
A

OTHER EXAMPLES OF GLOBAL POLITICAL CHANGES

G12 - 2nd Grading (8 decks)

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