Polarity Flashcards
Electronegativity, Molecular Shape, Polarity of Molecules
A chemical bond where one atom donates electrons to another atom.
Ionic Bond
Typically occurs between atoms with significantly different electronegativities.
Ionic Bond
Forms positively- and negatively-charged ions.
Ionic Bond
An atom or group of atoms that has an electric charge.
Ion
A chemical bond where atoms share valence electrons to become stable.
Can either be polar or non-polar.
Covalent Bond
Outermost shell of the atom.
Valence Electrons
These can be shared/donated during chemical bonds. These also determine the polarity of the bond.
Valence Electrons
Electrons of atoms that are shared unevenly.
Polar Bond
Electrons of atoms that are shared evenly.
Non-polar Bond
Formed when different elements bond.
Compounds
There are 2 ways to identify the Polarity of a Compound. These are…
- Based on Electronegativity Difference
- Based on the Geometrical Shape of the Molecule
The ability of an atom to attract electrons toward itself in a chemical bond.
Electronegativity
Stable elements with complete outermost shell and don’t bond with other elements.
Noble Elements
Found in the 18th Column (Helium, Neon, Argon, etc.)
Noble Elements
The two (2) partially charged regions / poles of a molecule.
Dipole
The property of 2 liquids to completely dissolve in each other in all proportions.
Miscibility
Mixes completely.
Miscible
Does not mix completely.
Immiscible
Can be used to predict the nature of the chemical bond that can exist between atoms.
Electronegativity
Larger Electronegativity Difference =
More Polarity
The sharing of electrons between atoms of a Covalent Bond
Bond Polarity
Two (2) atoms involved in the bond must be the same element electronegativity to share equally e-
Non-Polar Covalent Bond
Atoms involved must have different electronegativities
Polar Covalent Bond
Helps predict the spatial arrangement of atoms in a polyatomic molecule.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model
The shapes are designed to minimize the repulsion within a molecule.
Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) Model
Excess pairs not shared during the covalent bond.
Lone Pairs
The goal of every element is…
To become electrically-stable
The outershell consists of…
8 valence electrons
This is the last digit of the column number
Valence Electrons
