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AMC CLINICALS > Points To Remember > Flashcards

Points To Remember Flashcards

1
Q

Glasgow coma scale

E

A

4 spontaneous

3 verbal

2 pain

1 no response

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2
Q

Glasgow coma scale V

A

5 oriented (TPP)

4 confused

3 inapp words

2 incomprehensible sounds

1 no response

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3
Q

Glasgow coma scale M

A

6 obeys commands

5 moves to loc pain

4 flexion withdrawal from pain

3 decorticate (abn flexion)

2 decerebrate (abn ext)

1 no response

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4
Q

NEXUS criteria (to remove cervical collar or not)

A

N - neuro deficit

S - pinal tenderness

A - lt. LOC

I - ntoxication

D - istracting injury

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5
Q

Innocent murmur

A

Bet 5-7yo

No symptoms
Normal exercise tolerance
Not cyanosed
Doesn’t suffer from recurrent chest infxns

Soft midsystolic
No radiation
Varies with posture and respi
No diastolic component
No thrill
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6
Q

Low Ferritin

A

IDA

Hemodialysis

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7
Q

Snake bite.

What to look for:

A

DRSABC

cardiac
Respi
Bleeding
Neuro
Renal
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8
Q

Features of alcoholic cirrhosis

A

ABCDEFGHI SPIT

A- sterixis/ ascites

B ruising

Caput medusae

Dermatologic changes

Edema/ encephalopathy

Fetor hepaticus

Gynecomastia

Hepato renal/ pulmonary syndrome

Icterus

Spider nevi

Palmar erythema

Icterus

Testicular atrophy

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9
Q

IgM

A

Current or recent infection

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10
Q

IgG

A

Immunization or previous infection

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11
Q

No breastfeed

A

HIV

Active TB

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12
Q

Dysphagia for solids

A

Stricture

Tumor

(STRUCTURAL solid)

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13
Q

Dysphagia for liquids and solids

A

Oesophageal motility disorder

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14
Q

Visual acuity NOT improved by pinhole test

A

Macular degeneration

Cataract

Glaucoma

Retinal detachment

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15
Q

Central vision affected

A

Macular degeneration

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16
Q

Peripheral vision affected

A

Chronic glaucoma

Pituitary tumor

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17
Q

Vision decreased with light

A

Cataract

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18
Q

Floaters

A

Retinal detachment

Vitreous hge

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19
Q

Complications of myopia

A

Retinal detachment

Chronic glaucoma

Macular degeneration

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20
Q

No light perception

A

Amaurosis

Glaucoma

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21
Q

Haloes around lights

A

Cataract

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22
Q

Always ask in hx OB

A

Blood grp

Hgb

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23
Q

Hepa

A

A ntibiotics
B lood transfusion
P iercinh

F ood
I V drug use
T ravel

N eedle stick injury
o

SEX

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24
Q

All females (Ask P)

A 
P eriod
P regnancy
P ills
P apsmear
P artner
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25
Q

Postpartum (Ask B)

A 
B reast
B aby
B lues
B leeding
Bladder
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26
Q

Pneumonia (admit/not)

A

C onfusion
U rea > 7 mmol/L
R R > 30/min
B P

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27
Q

COMA cocktail

A

T hiamine

O xygen

N aloxone

G lucose

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28
Q

Hypochromic
Microcytic
Anemia

A

S ideroblastic

I DA

T halassemia

S ickle cell

*Alpha thalassemia silent 1 abn
trait. 2
HbH. 3

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29
Q

Surgery complications

A

B leedings

A nesthesia

D amage to surr tissues

I nfection

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30
Q

High ESR (chronic inflamm)

A

P olymyalgia rheumatica

T emporal arteritis

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31
Q

Haemochromatosis sx

A

C irhhosis

H eart failure

S kin changes

D M

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32
Q

Chorionic Villous Sampling

A

T1

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33
Q

Amniocentesis > 12 weeks

A

T2

High bHCG
High INH

Low AFP
Low Estriol

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34
Q

Do fundoscopy for all..

A

Headaches

DM

Neuro symptoms

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35
Q

Heart failure meds

A

A CE I

B eta blockers

D igoxin

D iuretics

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36
Q

STI screen

A

S yphillis

G onorrhea

C hlamydia

H IV

H EPA A B C

  • HSV
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37
Q

Immunizations

A

Birth: hepB

2/4/6 mos: DTP, HepB, O/IPV, Hib, Pneumococcal, Rotavirus

12 mos: MMR, Hib, MenC

18 mos: MMR, Varicella, DTP

4 yo: DTP, O/IPV

12-13 yo: Varicella, HPV, DTP

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38
Q

Don’t do Per Vaginal exam

A
  • not sexually active
  • placenta previa (antepartum hge)
  • HSV2
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39
Q

INR

A

Ther range: 2-3

w/ prosthetics: 2.5-3.5

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40
Q

INR more than therapeutic range

A

Stop warfarin

If INR normalized..

Low dose warfarin

41
Q

INR 5-9

No bleeding

A

Stop warfarin

Vit K (high risk)

INR @ 6-12H..

42
Q

INR >9

No bleeding

A

Stop warfarin

Vit K

Rpt INR @6H

43
Q

Taking warfarin

With bleeding

A

Stop warfarin

Prothrombinex + FFP

High dose Vit K

Monitor INR until

44
Q

Urine specimen

A

3 yo. MSU

45
Q

Zero order kinetics

High toxicity

A

A SA

P henytoin

E thanol

46
Q

Post splenectomy vaccines needed

A

H ib once

I nfluenza Q year

M eningococc Q3-5 yrs

P CV Q5 yrs

Malaria and Babesiosis

47
Q

Barking cough

A

Croup

Viral (influenza)

Steeple sign

Steroids/racemic epinephrine

48
Q

Whooping cough

A

Pertussis

Macrolides

49
Q

Hot potato voice

A

Epiglottitis

HiB

Edematous epiglottis & aryepiglottic fold & valeculla

Intubate
Ceftriaxone
PCN

Also: Peritonsillar abscess

50
Q

Laryngomalacia

A

Congenital

Observe x 6mos

Surgery >2 yrs

51
Q

Developmental milestones

1-6mos

A

1 1/2 smile

3 hold head up- recognize mom- coo

6 sit- babble

52
Q

Developmental milestones 9mos- 24 mos

A

9 stand with support- grab with fingers- put in mouth (10)

12 walk - 1 word

24 1 sentence

  • anything >18 mos abN
  • no smile at 3 mos abN
53
Q

Gas above liver

A

Intestinal perforation

54
Q

Abruptio placenta

A

Severe abd pain
Vaginal bleed
No FHT
Tachy tachy

20ml/kg IV bolus

55
Q

Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis

A

Cont. hungry

56
Q

Brochiolitis

A

Air trapping–> lung hyperinflation

Perihilar infiltrates
Bronchial markings & atelectasis

57
Q

Prostate Cancer tx

A

Early
- R adical prostatectomy (also remove seminal vesicle) +|- pelvic lymphadenectomy

Mets
- A ndrogen ablation
Goserelin

58
Q

Prostate ca (old/co morbids)

A

Exteral beam radiation

Androgen ablation

Brachytherapy

  • orchidectomy
  • TURP
59
Q

Prostate Ca grade

A

1 prostate

2 capsule (radical prostatect)

3a extra capsular
3b seminal vesicles (andro Abla, radiother)

4 mets (androgen ablation)

60
Q

Ovulation

A

Shortest cycle -14 -6

Longest cycle -14 + 2

61
Q

Mc urinary stones

A

Ca oxalate

62
Q

Radioluscent urinary stones

A

Uric acid stones

63
Q

Nephrolithiasis ix

A

1st Xray kub

2nd ct scan if positive

64
Q

Urinary stones

Any site

A

Wait

STRAIN

65
Q

Urinary stone

Kidney pelvis

A

2.5cm nephrolithotomy

66
Q

Urinary stone

Upper 1/3 of ureter

A

ECSWL

> 1cm ecswl vs nephrolithotomy

67
Q

Urinary stones

Lower 1/3 ureter

A

Ecswl

> 1 cm basket removal

68
Q

Bladder

Urinary stones

A

3cm cystoscopy

69
Q

Infection hx POUTS

A

Procedures

O ccup and exposure

U ti

Travel

Sexual

70
Q

Blood test for hemolytic disease of NB

and explain

A

Direct coomb’s

Patient’s blood taken and serum with autoantibodies added

Agglutinate is +

71
Q

Blood test for Rh -incompatibility prenatal screen

A

Indirect coomb’s

Serum from mom (Rh -)

Add normal rbc (Rh +)

Agglutinates because with autoantibodies

72
Q

Depression sx

A

Two weeks everyday plus low mood or anhedonia for two weeks

S leep disturbance
A ppetite
G uilt
E nergy low
C oncentration low
A nhedonia
P sychomotor
S uicidality
73
Q

3ple whammy kidney failure

A

D iuretics

A CE I

NSAIDs

74
Q

Drugs causing hyperK

A

NSAIDs

Cox 2inh

ACEI

ARBS

ALDACTONE

TRIMETHOPRIM

DIGOXIN

MODURETIC

75
Q

Gestational diabetes complications to baby

A

P remarurity

Pre -eclampsia

Polyhydramnios

Placental abruption

76
Q

Nephrotic syndrome

A

E dema

P roteinutia 3+

A lbuminuria

L ipid high

77
Q

Primary Survey

A

D anger (safe environment)

R esponse

S end for help

A irway. Guedel

B reathing. Spontaneous?

C irculation. Pulse and BP.

D isability.

E xposure

78
Q

5 P’s (all women)

A

M - Periods

O - pregnant?

G - papsmear

S - partner

C - pills

79
Q

Post partum B’s

A

B reastfeeding

B aby

B lues

B leeding

80
Q

Thins out womb lining

A

Progesterone

Endometrial atrophy

81
Q

Post partum pyrexia

A

After Uni, Every Woman Should Marry

A telctasis
U TI
E ndometritis
W ound infxn
S eptic thrombophlebitis
M astitis
82
Q

Post menopause

A

4B 2P

B ladder
B owel
B reast
B one

P rolapse
Postmenopausal symptoms

83
Q

Bilious vomiting after birth

A

Duodenal atresia

84
Q

Non bilious vomiting

Always hungry

A

Pyloric stenosis

85
Q

No meconium at 48H after birth

A

Hirschprung disease

86
Q

What to give acidotic patient

A

NaHCO3

87
Q

Prenatal screen check

A

FBE

BLOOD GROUP

RUBELLA

INDIRECT COOMBS

HEPA SEROLOGY

VDRL

MIDSTREAM URINE

PAPSMEAR

88
Q

CHorionic villous sampling dona @

A

11-14 weeks AOG

89
Q

Amniocentesis done @

A

15-18 weeks AOG

90
Q

Nicotine quitting programme

A

Definite QUIT BY date

Aim for TOTAL ABSTINENCE

Review PREVIOUS ATTEMPTS

Inform FAMILY & FRIENDS

91
Q

Alcoholism minimum intervention technique plan

A

1 Advise reduction to safe levels (no more than 2 SD on any day. No more than 4SD on any occassion)

2 outline benefits

3 self help pamphlet

4 diary

5 ff up

6 support grp

92
Q

Woody dullness

A

Pneumonia

93
Q

Stony dullness

A

Pleural effusion

94
Q

Hyper resonance

A

Pneumothorax

95
Q

Increased vocal fremitus

A

Pneumonia

96
Q

Decreased vocal fremitus

A

Pleural effusion

97
Q

Test for Parkinson’s

A

Glabellar tap

Piano test

Twiddling

Write on paper (micrognathia)

98
Q

Test for PTL

A

Fibronectin

AMC CLINICALS (3 decks)

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