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AP Lit > Poetry Terms > Flashcards

Poetry Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Allegory

A

Narrative or description having a second meaning beneath the surface one

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2
Q

Alliteration

A

Repetition at close intervals of the initial consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words

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3
Q

Allusion

A

Reference, explicit or implicit to something in previous literature or history

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4
Q

Anaphora

A

Repetition of an opening word or phrase in a series of lines

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5
Q

Apostrophe

A

Figure of speech in which someone absent or dead or something nonhuman is addressed as it were alive and present

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6
Q

Assonance

A

Repetition at close intervals of the vowel sounds of accented syllables or important words

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7
Q

Aubade

A

Poem about dawn, a morning love song, or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn

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8
Q

Ballad

A

Fairly short narrative poem written in a songlike stanza form

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9
Q

Blank verse

A

Unrimed iambic pentameter

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10
Q

Cacophony

A

Harsh, discordant, unpleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds

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11
Q

Caesura

A

Natural pause, unmarked by punctuation, introduced by phrasing or syntax of a line

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12
Q

Connotation

A

Suggestion of a word beyond its basic definition

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13
Q

Consonance

A

Repetition at close intervals of the final consonant sounds of accented syllables or important words

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14
Q

Continuous form

A

Form of a poem in which the lines follow each other without formal grouping, the only breaks being dictated by units of meaning

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15
Q

Couplet

A

Two successive lines linked by rhyme, usually in the same meter

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16
Q

Denotation

A

Basic definition of a word

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17
Q

Didactic poetry

A

Having teaching or preaching as the primary purpose

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18
Q

Dramatic framework

A

Situation, whether actual or fictional, realistic or fanciful, in which an author places his or her characters in order to express the theme

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19
Q

Dramatic irony

A

Device by which the author implies a different meaning from that intended by the speaker in a literary work

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20
Q

English (Shakespearean) sonnet

A

Sonnet riming ababcdcdefefgg. Its content or structure ideally parallels the rime scheme, falling into three coordinate quatrains and a concluding couplet; but it is often structured, like the Italian sonnet, into octave and sestet, the principal break in though coming at the end of the eighth line

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21
Q

Euphony

A

Smooth, pleasant-sounding choice and arrangement of sounds

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22
Q

Extended figure

A

Figure of speech (usually a metaphor, simile, personification, or apostrophe) sustained or developed thought a considerable number of lines or through a whole poem

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23
Q

Figurative language

A

Language employing figures of speech; language that cannot be taken literally or only literally

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24
Q

Fixed form

A

Form of poem in which the length and pattern are prescribed by previous usage or tradition, such as sonnet, limerick, villanelle, haiku, and so on

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25
Q

Form

A

External pattern or shape of a poem, describable without reference to its content, as continuous form, stanzaic form, fixed form (and other varieties), free verse, and syllabic verse

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26
Q

Free verse

A

Nonmetrical verse, arranged in lines, may be more or less rhythmical, but has no fixed metrical pattern or expectation

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27
Q

Gustatory imagery

A

Imagery describing gut feelings

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28
Q

Haiku

A

Three-line poem, conceived of fixed lines that are 5, 7, 5 syllables respectively, generally concerned with nature and a single image

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29
Q

Hyperbole

A

Overstatement, figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth

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30
Q

Imagery

A

Representation of language through sense experience

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31
Q

Implied metaphor

A

That in which the literal term is implied and the figurative term named

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32
Q

Internal rhyme

A

Rhyme in which one or both of the rhyme-words occur within the line

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33
Q

Irony

A

Situation or use of language involving some kind of incongruity or discrepancy

34
Q

Situational irony

A

Situation in which there is an incongruity between actual circumstances and those that would seem appropriate or between what is anticipated and what actually comes to pass

35
Q

Italian (Petrachan) sonnet

A

Sonnet consisting of an octave riming abbaabba and of a sestet using any arrangement of two or three additional rhymes, such as cdcdcd or cdecde

36
Q

Kinesthetic imagery

A

Movement, physical tension

37
Q

Limerick

A

Fixed form consisting of five lines of anapestic meter, the first two trimeter, the next two dimeter, the last line trimeter, riming aabba; used exclusively for humorous or nonsense verse

38
Q

Metaphor

A

Figure of speech in which an implicit comparison is made between two things essentially unlike. No like or as. Implied. figure of speech broadly any way of saying something other than the ordinary way, more narrowly a way of saying one thing or meaning another

39
Q

Meter

A

Regularized rhythm; an arrangement of language in which the accents occur at apparently equal intervals in time

40
Q

Metonymy

A

Figure of speech in which some significant aspect or detail of an experience is used to represent the whole experience (the use of something closely related for the thing actually meant)

41
Q

Named metaphor

A

In which the literal term is named and figurative term implied

42
Q

Octave

A

1.) An 8 line stanza 2.) The first 8 lines of a sonnet, especially one structure in the manner of an Italian sonnet

43
Q

Olfactory imagery

A

Imagery describing smells

44
Q

Onomatopoeia

A

Use of words that supposedly mimic their meaning in their sound

45
Q

Organic imagery

A

Inside of you imagery, internal sensation, hunger, thirst, fatigue, sickness

46
Q

Overstatement

A

Hyperbole, figure of speech in which exaggeration is used in the service of truth

47
Q

Oxymoron

A

Compact paradox in which two successive words seemingly contradict each other

48
Q

Paradox

A

Statement or situation containing apparently contradictory or incompatible elements

49
Q

Paraphrase

A

Restatement of the content of a poem designed to make its prose meaning as clear as possible

50
Q

Personification

A

Figure of speech in which human attributes are given to an animal, an object, or a concept

51
Q

Poetry

A

Literary work in which special intensity is given to the expression of feelings and ideas by the use of distinctive style and rhythm

52
Q

Prose

A

Nonmetrical language; the opposite of verse

53
Q

Prose meaning

A

Part of poem’s total meaning that can be separated out and expressed through paraphrase

54
Q

Quatrain

A

1.) 4 line stanza. 2.) 4 line division of a sonnet marked off by its rhyme scheme

55
Q

Refrain

A

Repeated word, phrase, line, or group of lines, normally at some fixed position in a poem written in stanzaic form

56
Q

Rhetorical poetry

A

Uses artificially eloquent language, that is, language too high-flown for its occasion and unfaithful to the full complexity of human experience

57
Q

Rhythm

A

Any wavelike recurrence of motion or sound

58
Q

Rhyme

A

Repetition of the accented vowel sound and all succeeding sounds in important or importantly positioned words

59
Q

Run-on line

A

Line which has no natural speech pause at its end, allowing the sense to flow uninterruptedly into the succeeding line

60
Q

Sarcasm

A

Bitter or cutting speech; speech intended by its speaker to give pain to the person addressed

61
Q

Satire

A

Kind of literature that ridicules human folly or vice with the purpose of brining about reform or of keeping others from falling into a similar folly or vice

62
Q

Sentimentality

A

Aimed primarily at stimulating the emotions rather than at communicating experience honestly and freshly

63
Q

Simile

A

Figure of speech in which an explicit comparison is made between two things essentially unlike. the comparison is made by using words such as like or as, than, similar too

64
Q

Sonnet

A

Fixed form of fourteen lines, normally iambic pentameter, with a rime scheme conforming to or approximating one of two main types - the Italian or the English

65
Q

Stanza

A

Group of lines whose metrical pattern (and usually its rime scheme as well) is repeated throughout a poem

66
Q

Structure

A

Internal organization of a poem’s content

67
Q

Symbol

A

Figure of speech in which something (object, person, situation, or action) means more than what it is. a symbol may be read literally and metaphorically

68
Q

Synechdoche

A

Figure of speech in which a part is used for the whole. In this book it is subsumed under metonymy

69
Q

Synesthesia

A

Presentation of one sense experience in terms usually associated with another sensation

70
Q

Tactile imagery

A

Describes feeling something (like with your hands)

71
Q

Tercet

A

3 line stanza

72
Q

Terza rima

A

Interlocking rhyme scheme with the pattern aba bcb cdc, etc

73
Q

Theme

A

Central theme of a literary work

74
Q

Tone

A

Writer’s or speaker’s attitude toward his subject, his audience, or himself

75
Q

Total meaning

A

Total experience communicated by a poem, it includes all those dimensions of experience by which a poem communicates sensuous, emotional imaginative and intellectual and it can be communicated in no other words than those of the poem itself

76
Q

Understatement

A

Figure of speech that consists of saying less than one means, or of saying what one means with less force than the occasion warrants

77
Q

Verbal irony

A

Figure of speech in which what is meant is the opposite of what is said

78
Q

Verse

A

Metrical language; the opposite of prose

79
Q

Villanelle

A

Nineteen-line fixed form consisting of five tercets rhymed aba and a concluding quatrain rhymed abaa, with lines 1 and 3 of the first tercent serving as rerains in an alternating pattern through line 15 and then repeated as lines 18 and 19

80
Q

Accent, stress

A

Syllable given more prominence in pronunciation

81
Q

Foot

A

Basic unit used in the measurement of metrical verse

AP Lit (3 decks)

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