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ENG LIT > Poetry > Flashcards

Poetry Flashcards

1
Q

what is the stanza form of the Farmer’s Bride?

A

irregular stanzas - mimics strange relationship

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1
Q

what is the Rhyme scheme of the Farmer’s Bride?

A

AABB, ABAB, ABBA

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2
Q

what is the metre of the Farmer’s Bride?

A
  • fairly regular iambic tetrameter
  • persona loses regularity & control
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3
Q

what are the messages + wider ideas of the farmer’s bride?

A
  • damaging effects of marriage
  • exposes dangerous sexualisation of young women
  • silent submission of women trapped in danger
  • patriarchy enables men to objectify and possess women
  • metaphor for societal expectations keeping women locked away
  • presents obsession as a dangerous feeling, showing the destructive consequences of power in relationships and society
  • explores dominance and the fear it creates within a relationship, criticising society’s acceptance of the subjugation and silencing of women
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4
Q

list as many quotes from the farmer’s bride as you can. [11]

A
  • ‘farmer’s bride’
  • ‘three summers since i chose a maid’
  • ‘too young maybe’
  • ‘frightened fay’
  • ‘we chased’
  • ‘hare’
  • ‘church-Town’
  • ‘fast’
  • ‘over seven-acre field and up-along across the down’
  • ‘one leaf’
  • ‘the soft young down of her, the brown, the brown of her - her eyes, her hair, her hair!’
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5
Q

what is the form of sonnet 29?

A
  • Petrarchan sonnet (2 quatrains, one sestet)
  • volta is on the 5th not 8th line; non-conformist
  • extended metaphor (conceit) of nature imagery for sexual passion
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6
Q

describe the metre in sonnet 29

A
  • iambic pentameter
    • traditional format shows the traditional nature of her love
  • breaks iambic pentameter
    • eg “put out broad leaves, & soon there’s nought to see’
    • highlights unconventionality of love and suggests their love cant be constrained by rigidity of sonnet form
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7
Q

what are the wider ideas + messages of sonnet 29?

A
  • overwhelming intensity of love
  • different gender roles within relationship
  • fantasy vs reality
    • Fantasy is a poor substitute for reality when it comes to love.
  • it’s hard to be apart when you’re in love
  • Love, Vulnerability, and Freedom
    • to experience love one must be vulnerable and willing to give oneself over entirely to passion - whether that means rejecting societal dictates of decorum and restraint, or simply one’s own familiar ways of being
    • Only through vulnerability and passion may lovers experience the powerful freedom of real love.
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8
Q

list as many quotes from sonnet 29 as you can. [8]

A
  • ‘renew thy presence; as a strong tree should’
  • ‘rustle thy boughs and set thy trunk all bare’
  • ‘new air…I do not think of thee - I am too near thee’
  • ‘I think of thee! - my thoughts do twine and bud’
  • ‘wild vines…put out broad leaves and soon there’s nought to see’
  • ‘O, my palm-tree’
  • ‘I will not have my thoughts instead of thee’
  • ‘let these bands of greenery…drop heavily down - burst, shattered, everywhere!’
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9
Q

describe the form of when we two parted.

A
  • Lyric poetry - is emotional and expresses thoughts & feelings not a story
  • apostrophe - speaker directly addresses someone but they don’t reply
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10
Q

describe the metre of when we two parted.

A

Accentual verse - each lines contains same amount of stressed syllables, no matter how many syllables are in each line

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11
Q

what is the rhyme scheme of when we two parted?

A
  • shakespearean sonnet - ABAB CDCD EFEF GG
  • Just before ‘GG’ falls out of rhyme scheme, suggesting the persona felt the relationship was worthy of a sonnet before hearing of latest infidelity
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12
Q

what wider ideas + messages are suggested in when we two parted?

A
  • breakups are not neat endings - characterised by lingering pain and anger
  • how quickly lover’s perceptions of each other can change when they’re not together
  • people move on but not always completely from past loves
  • relationship breakdown can feel like death/grief
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13
Q

list as many quotes from when we two parted as you can [8]

A
  • ‘in silence and tears’
  • ‘half broken hearted’
  • ‘pale grew thy cheek and cold’
  • ‘shudder’
  • ‘dew of the morning sunk chill’
  • ‘thy vows are all broken’
  • ‘knell in mine ear’
  • in secret we met / in silence I grieve’
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14
Q

what is the structure of love’s philosophy?

A

2 stanzas which mimic a couple

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15
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of love’s philosphy.

A
  • trochaic metre which is connected to the usual ballad metre
  • ABAB, CDCD alternate rhyme scheme had 3 interpretations - shows constant fluctuations and growth and progression of the relationship - something is separating them but they are still close - unbalanced relationship, as only one of them is dedicated
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16
Q

what wider ideas + messages are suggested in love’s philosophy?

A
  • greatest happiness comes from relationships
  • it is natural to be in love
  • physical consummation is an important part of a relationship - romance is both physical and spiritual
  • love is essential to life
  • love is a force so strong it transcends the limits of the world and is beyond the limits of man’s powers
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17
Q

list as many quotes from love’s philosophy as you can [7]

A
  • ‘why not I with thine?’
  • ‘mountains kiss high heaven’
  • ‘and the sunlight clasps the earth and the moonbeams kiss the sea’
  • ‘thou kiss not me?’
  • ‘fountains mingle with the river … rivers with the ocean’
  • ‘winds of heaven mix forever … sweet emotion’
  • ‘all things by a law divine’
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18
Q

what is the structure of porphyria’s lover?

A

dramatic monologue

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19
Q

describe the rhyme scheme of porphyria’s lover.

A
  • clear scheme - ABABB - which mirrors calmness of speaker - shocking murder
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20
Q

what wider ideas + messages are suggested by porphyria’s lover?

A
  • society wants methods of control to remain distinct but people’s emotions can be strong enough to break (class) boundaries which are unnecessary & immaterial to true passion
  • women are punished as scapegoats for other parts of society (class)
  • obsession with purity and control in victorian society
  • punished for not being a pure good woman - society’s rules are so ingrained people kill those they love
  • society uses religion to justify oppression
  • presents obsession as a dangerous feeling, showing the destructive consequences of power in relationships and society
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21
Q

list as many quotes from porphyria’s lover as you can [11]

A
  • ‘porphyria’s lover’
  • ‘porphyria worshipped me’
  • ‘one long yellow string’
  • ‘burning kiss […] I propped her head up as before’
  • ‘god has not said a word’
  • ‘tore the elm-tops down for spite […] vex the lake’
  • ‘glided in porphyria […] she shut out the cold and the storm’
  • ‘kneeled and made the cheerless grate blaze up’
  • ‘soiled gloves […] let the damp hair fall’
  • ‘she put my arm’
  • ‘set its struggling passion free […] pride […] vainer ties […] give herself to me forever’
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22
Q

describe the rhyme scheme of neutral tones.

A
  • ABBA
  • Straightforward - neutral
  • highly controlled though - thinks of this memory often
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23
Q

how is neutral tones structured?

A

4 quatrains

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24
Q

describe the metre of neutral tones

A
  • tetrameter - faster pace than iambic tetrameter - contrasts stagnant atmosphere
  • 3 tetrameter lines them final trimeter line creates an irregular combination of iambs and anapaests, creating an irregular pace to symbolise the uneven emotional ground
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25
Q

what messages and wider ideas are suggested in neutral tones?

A
  • love is deceitful and causes harm - loss can change a person’s perception of the world
  • relationship breakdown diminishes colour and vitality of life
  • lasting power of memory and its impact on life and views
  • relationship ending can be positive (after time has passed)
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26
Q

list as many quotes from neutral tones as you can [5]

A
  • ‘we stood by a pond that winter day’
  • ‘sun was white…chidden of god’
  • ‘fallen from an ash’
  • ‘tedious riddles of years ago’
  • ‘your face and the god-curst sun’
27
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of letters from yorkshire

A
  • no end rhymes
  • enjambment, suggesting normal speech patterns
28
Q

describe the structure of letters from yorkshire

A
  • constant semantic field of winter/early spring, light and dark, communication/messages
  • free verse shows everything is changeable, just like the seasons
  • 5 tercets
29
Q

what wider ideas and messages are suggested in letters from yorkshire?

A
  • communication is essential in a relationship
  • it is possible to be connected whilst separated by distance
30
Q

list as many quotes as you can from letters from yorkshire [7]

A
  • ‘in february, digging his garden, planting potatoes’
  • ‘knuckles singing’
  • ‘it’s not romance, simply how things are’
  • ‘my heartful of headlines’
  • ‘pouring air and light into an envelope’
  • ‘same news in different houses’
  • ‘our souls tapped out messages across the icy miles’
31
Q

describe the structure of walking away

A

4 quintains which clarify how the speaker’s response to memory develops - from recollection, resistance, acceptance, to reflection

32
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of walking away

A
  • ABACA monosyllabic rhymes show the uncomplicated and raw feelings to create a melancholic tone
  • stable scheme mimics their relationship
  • irregular metre creates a conversational tone
  • final 2 lines are end-stopped - this control and precision creates confidence and finality
  • measured pace shows gradual separation
33
Q

what wider ideas an messages are explored in walking away?

A
  • parenthood/parental love and the pain that comes with it
  • letting go/separation - necessary and natural
  • the passage of time
  • gaining independence
  • nature
  • the act of reminiscing
34
Q

list as many quotes from walking away as you can [9]

A
  • ‘it is eighteen years ago, almost to the day -‘
  • ‘a sunny day with leaves just turning’
  • ‘your first game of football, then, like a satellite / Wrenched from its orbit, go drifting away / Behind a scatter of boys’
  • ‘the pathos of a half-fledged thing set free / into a wilderness’
  • ‘that hesitant figure, eddying away’
  • ‘like a winged seed loosened from its parent stem’
  • ‘nature’s give and take - the small, the scorching ordeals which fire one’s irresolute clay’
  • ‘gnaws at my mind still’
  • ‘what god alone could perfectly show - / How selfhood begins with a walking away / And love is proved in the letting go’
35
Q

describe the structure of eden rock

A
  • quatrains
  • at the end, the last line is separate, mirroring his division from his parents
  • most phrases are shorter or longer than a single line, causing tension with the quatrain form, suggesting the speaker is focussed on their parents rather than the poetic form
36
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of eden rock

A
  • some iambic pentameter, but not rigid
  • last line is in iambic pentameter, giving it a rigid, stately feel which sets it apart so it feels almost elegiac
  • ABAB but with half-rhymes - slant rhymes - unreliable - hard to know what is real and what isn’t
37
Q

what wider ideas and messages are explored in eden rock?

A
  • love can transcend death
  • family ties are strong and everlasting
  • death does not have to be feared
  • dealing and coping with loss
38
Q

list as many quotes from eden rock as you can [8]

A
  • ‘eden rock’
  • ‘in the same suit / Of Genuine Irish Tweed’
  • ‘ribbon in her straw hat, / has spread the stiff white cloth over the grass’
  • ‘her hair, the colour of wheat, takes on the light’
  • ‘she pours tea from a Thermos’
  • ‘the same three plates, the tin cups painted blue’
  • ‘the sky whitens as if lit by three suns’
  • '’See where the stream-path is! / Crossing is not as hard as you might think.’ / I had not thought that it would be like this.’
39
Q

describe the structure of mother, any distance

A
  • free verse
  • stanzas 1 + 2 are quatrains, though 2 has more enjambment - unspooling
  • begins as a sonnet but the sestet has an extra 7th line - could represent their connection or separation
40
Q

what is the rhyme scheme in mother, any distance?

A

not traditional ABBA showing the ambivalence of the speaker’s feeling

41
Q

what wider ideas and messages are explored in mother, any distance?

A
  • weakening of parent child relationship
  • support
  • supportive parent-child relationships can become stifling and so inevitabily separate
  • the freedom that separation can bring
  • distance
  • growing up
42
Q

list as many quotes from mother, any distance, as you can [7]

A
  • ‘mother, any distance greater than a single span’
  • ‘windows, pelmets, doors’
  • ‘acres of the walls, prairies of the floors’
  • ‘you at the zero-end, me with the spool of tape’
  • ‘unreeling years between us. Anchor. Kite.
  • ‘space-walk’
  • ‘endless sky / to fall or fly’
43
Q

describe the structure of follower

A
  • chronological, mimicking his life
  • cyclical, showing the passing on of knowledge
  • past tense, as it is grounded in his childhood memory
  • 6 quatrains - neat and stable, mirroring the well-ploughed fields and the claustrophobic environment the speaker grew up in
44
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of follower

A
  • all lines are 8 syllables, creating a steady rhythm, mimicking their stable relationship
  • mostly iambic tetrameter, mimicking the father’s speed of working
  • not consistent metre, showing the tension in the relationship
  • tight ABAB scheme, each stanza containing a perfect rhyme and a slant rhyme, mirroring the feeling that Heaney won’t live up to his father
45
Q

what wider ideas and messages are explored in follower?

A
  • cyclical relationship between parent and child
  • how admiration can materialise into a sense of inferiority and pressure
  • the importance for children of finding a role model in their parents - can encourage children to be better people
  • parents can help to support children in exploring the world, without controlling what they do
46
Q

list as many quotes from follower as you can [5]

A
  • ‘shoulders globed like a full sail strung’
  • ‘an expert’
  • ‘all I ever did was follow / In his broad shadow round the farm’
  • ‘the sod rolled over without breaking’
  • ‘I stumbled in his hob-nailed wake’
47
Q

describe the structure of before you were mine

A
  • 4 quintains
  • repetitive and mirrors the inevitability of the future life/women’s role in society
  • short simple sentences are childlike which contrasts with polysyllabic diction, suggesting she is talking about her childhood through an adult lens
  • enaleptic frames, apostrophe, narrative structure
48
Q

what is the rhyme scheme and metre of before you were mine?

A

blank verse with no rhyming pattern

49
Q

what messages and wider ideas are suggested in before you were mine?

A
  • how life changes after having a child
  • the societal pressures put upon women to have children
  • how the regret of motherhood can transform into guilt for the child
  • motherhood
  • the past
  • inheritance
  • guilt passed onto children
  • the role of women in society
50
Q

describe the structure of winter swans

A
  • 7 stanzas - 6 tercets, 1 couplet
  • the tercets show the obstacle between the couple and the couplet shows their reconciliation
51
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of winter swans

A
  • irregular and unrhymed (even in the couplet) - shows that everything is not perfect
  • disjointed rhythm shows their conflict and the unpredictability of relationships
52
Q

what messages and wider ideas are explored in winter swans?

A
  • relationships can be difficult but love keeps people together
  • the strangest/simplest things can bring us together
  • critical role of nature in society due to its impact on people, by offering reminders of simplicity
  • love is dependent on partnership and communication
  • relationships go through ups and downs; this is natural, but relationships do require work/effort/perseverance/dedication
53
Q

list as many quotes from winter swans as you can [9]

A
  • ‘icebergs of white feather’
  • '’they mate for life’ you said’
  • ‘slow-stepping through the lake’s shingle and sand
  • ‘somehow / swum the distance’
  • ‘pair of wings settling after flight’
  • ‘clouds had given their all
  • ‘waterlogged earth / gulping for breath’
  • ‘winter swans’
  • ‘porcelain’
54
Q

describe the structure of singh song

A
  • refrains and repetitions create a lyrical structure mimicking a song
  • 58 lines, 38 stanzas of varying lengths
  • couplets
  • dramatic monologue
55
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of singh song

A
  • stable rhythm with a song-esque pace
  • free verse communicates the casual tone and giddiness
56
Q

what wider ideas and messages are suggested in singh song?

A
  • overwhelming love and passion
  • love brings joy and passion to life and has the power to transform the everyday world
  • young immigrants may form hybrid identities causing tensions with older generations
  • love can make people obsessive and irresponsible
57
Q

describe the structure of climbing my grandfather

A
  • 1 long stanza
  • mimics the climbing of a mountain - daunting, relentless, awe-inspiring
  • extended metaphor
58
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of climbing my grandfather

A
  • no rhyme scheme or metre creates a natural feel
  • unpredictable line breaks using caesura, enjambment, and end-stopped lines
  • free verse
59
Q

what wider ideas and messages are explored in climbing my grandfather?

A
  • it can be difficult trying to get to know your family, especially with generational divides or memory can be difficult
  • admiration for family members
60
Q

list as many quotes from climbing my grandfather as possible [9]

A
  • ‘I decide to do it free, without a rope or net’
  • ‘the old brogues, dusty and cracked’
  • ‘by the overhanging shirt I change / directions, traverse along his belt’
  • ‘an earth-stained hand’
  • ‘the skin of his finger is smooth and thick like warm ice’
  • ‘the glass ridge of a scar’
  • ‘at his still firm shoulder, I rest for a while’
  • ‘watching clouds and birds circle’
  • ‘feeling his heat, knowing / the slow pulse of his good heart’
61
Q

list as many quotes from BYWM as you can [5]

A
  • ‘i’m ten years away from the corner you laugh on’
  • ‘marilyn’
  • ‘I remember my hands in those high-heeled red shoes, relics’
  • ‘and now your ghost clatters towards me’
  • ‘where you sparkle and waltz and laugh’
62
Q

list as many quotes from singh song as you can

A
  • ‘I run just one ov my daddy’s shops’
  • ‘like vee rowing through Putney’
  • ‘in di worst Indian shop / on di whole Indian road’
  • ‘above my head high heel tap’
  • ‘she netting two cat on her Sikh lover site’
  • ‘tiny eyes ov a gun / and di tummy ov a teddy’
  • ‘my bride’
  • ‘she wear a tartan sari’
  • ‘how much do yoo charge for dat moon baby […] is priceless baby’
63
Q

describe the structure of climbing my grandfather

A
  • 1 long stanza
  • mimics the climbing of a mountain - daunting, relentless, awe-inspiring
  • extended metaphor
64
Q

describe the rhyme scheme and metre of climbing my grandfather

A
  • no rhyme scheme or metre creates a natural feel
  • unpredictable line breaks using caesura, enjambment, and end-stopped lines
  • free verse
65
Q

what are some wider ideas in climbing my grandfather

A
  • it can be difficult trying to get to know your family, especially with generational divides or memory can be difficult
  • admiration for family members
66
Q

list as many quotes from climbing my grandfather as you can

A
  • ‘I decide to do it free, without a rope or net’
  • ‘the old brogues, dusty and cracked’
  • ‘by the overhanging shirt I change / directions, traverse along his belt’
  • ‘an earth-stained hand’
  • ‘the skin of his finger is smooth and thick like warm ice’
  • ‘the glass ridge of a scar’
  • ‘at his still firm shoulder, I rest for a while’
  • ‘watching clouds and birds circle’
  • ‘feeling his heat, knowing / the slow pulse of his good heart’

ENG LIT (11 decks)

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