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Poetic Terms > Poetic Terms > Flashcards

Poetic Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Kenning

A

A figurative compound word that takes the place of a noun

eg whale-road = ocean

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2
Q

Apostrophe

A

A poem that addresses an object

Eg. Ode to a Grecian urn

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3
Q

Imperative construction

A

Also ritual poems. Command; second person address

Eg. How to, recipe, directions, etc

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4
Q

Communal voice

A

1st person plural (we)

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5
Q

Dialogue poem & choral poem

A

2 speakers, more than 2 speakers

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6
Q

Objective narrator poem

A

Often images, 3rd person narration

Eg. The red wheelbarrow

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7
Q

The questioning narrator

A

Seeks to understand

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8
Q

Confessional poem

A

‘personal, 1st person narration

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9
Q

Synaesthesia

A

Mixing of senses in an image

Eg. A loud shirt

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10
Q

Metonymy

A

Relates the thing or idea to one of it’s qualities that it is commonly related to

Eg. The crown = monarchy or government in Canada

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11
Q

Synecdoche

A

A metonymy that substitutes a part for the whole

Eg wheels = truck or car

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12
Q

Metaphor parts

A

Tenor = the object (tears)

Vehicle = the object that is the analogy (a river)

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13
Q

Dead metaphors

A

Metaphors that have lost their spark, overplayed

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14
Q

Extended metaphor

A

A series of images linked to one analogy

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15
Q

Governing metaphor

A

Links all the major images in a lyric poem, to one analogy that represents the theme

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16
Q

Circumlocution or periphrasis

A

A roundabout way of saying some thing, not a metaphor

To be avoided, except in the case of satire

Example: someone who takes care of the sick instead of saying nurse

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17
Q

Allusion

A

A reference, often veiled, to something outside of the poem

Example: no poem is an island (aka referencing no man is an island)

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18
Q

Allegory

A

An extended metaphor

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19
Q

Denotation and connotation

A

Denotation is the literal meaning (mule) and connotation is the associations (stubborn)

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20
Q

Nominalization

A

The conversion of a verb to a noun

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21
Q

Nouns on wheels

A

Nouns used as verbs

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22
Q

Hypotaxis

A

Progressing logically or linear

Every succeeding thought, flows or follows along under the other (think phrases linked by commas, one after the other)

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23
Q

Parataxis

A

When a poet makes a leap into a new idea (think of ideas separated by periods/stanzas/etc without connective words or punctuation)

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24
Q

Slang versus jargon

A

Slang is youth subculture, jargon is the terms/words of a particular trade or profession

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25
Q

Neologisms

A

Created compound words

Example: windpuff-bonnet, rollrock (GM Hopkins)

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26
Q

Hieratic vs demotic style

A

Hieratic is self-consciously formal/literary

Demotic is modelled on the language of every day speech

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27
Q

Assonance

A

Repetition of similar or identical, vowel sounds

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28
Q

Consonance

A

Correspondence or reoccurrence of sounds, especially in words (end of stressed syllables)

Subtler than alliteration, similar rather than identical to consonants

Example: stroke and luck

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29
Q

Alliteration

A

The occurrence of the same letter sound at the beginning of adjacent words

30
Q

Sibilance

A

Special form of consonance with S sounds

31
Q

Dissonance

A

Emphasis on the difference between words, juxtaposing sounds that clash

32
Q

Eye rhyme

A

Words that look like they should rhyme but don’t

Example: move and love

33
Q

Rime (rhyme) Riche

A

French term meaning words that are the same sound but look different

Example: right and write

Also words with shared final syllable

Example: command and demand

34
Q

Scansion

A

A map of the pattern of stresses in a poem

Feet and stresses (stresses are underlined)

35
Q

Iamb

A

Two syllables, stress is in second syllable

Example: invent, depict

36
Q

Trochee

A

Two syllables, stress is in first syllable

Example: plaintiff and always

37
Q

Anapaest

A

Three syllables, stress is in last syllable

Example: understand and over come

38
Q

Dactyl

A

Three syllables, stress is in first syllable

Example: scorpion and horrible

39
Q

Spondee

A

Two syllables, both stressed

Example: football and aircraft

40
Q

Amphibranch

A

Three syllables, stress is in the middle syllable

Example: regardless and staccato

These are good with humour and limericks (think Dr. Seuss)

41
Q

Enjambment

A

Breaking the line in the middle of a clause

42
Q

Caesura

A

Ending a sentence in the middle of a line

43
Q

Accentual verse

A

Counting only the stressed syllables

44
Q

Syllabic verse

A

Counting syllables in a line, without paying attention to stresses

Dead ends the rhythm

Similar to haiku

45
Q

Stave prose or rhetorical rhythm

A

Rhythmic lines that echoed the king James Bible

Long, slowing, rhythmic lines
End stopped lines

46
Q

Visual rhythm

A

Makes use of the white space on a page

47
Q

Stepped lines

A

Subsequent lines indent

Looks like steps

48
Q

Split lines or visual Caesura

A

Adding extra space between words or phrases

Pause her breath

49
Q

Open field composition or projective verse

A

Modernist, use of white space on page as a field, words, and phrases, arranged with a reference to margins

50
Q

Stichic (stick-ik)

A

One long passage of verse (a.k.a. single stanza poem)

51
Q

Stanza origin

A

From the Italian meaning a room

52
Q

Verse paragraph

A

Functions more like a paragraph as in it encompass a unit of meaning, usually only in long narrative poems or dramatic ones

Begins with an indented line

53
Q

Canto

A

A section of poem, consisting of one or more stanzas, usually separated by a Roman or Arabic numerals or dingbats

Like a chapter

A subsection of an epic or long poem

54
Q

Anaphora

A

Use of initial repeated word or phrase

55
Q

Free versus structuring techniques

A

Repetition
Parallelisms and chiasmus
Lists and litanies
Internal rhyme, half rhyme and occasional rhyme
Lineation, enjambment and caesura
Inversion
Circularity
Parataxis

56
Q

Chiasmus and antimetabole

A

Echoing of syntax, echo can also mean flip

Words repeated, and sentence structure with a flip

Example: ask not what your country can do for you, but what you can do for your country

57
Q

Occasional rhyme

A

Slant rhyme

58
Q

Lineation

A

Line breaks as a mechanism for generating, either harmony or conflict

59
Q

Free verse types

By Henry Tompkins Kirby – Smith

A

Phrase – reinforcing (lines, parallel to natural phrasal units)

Phrase – breaking (brakes lives within phrases or clauses)

Word – breaking (splits words with hyphens)

Word – jamming (combines words into compounds)

Prose poem

60
Q

Lyric suites

A

Collection or collage of various lyric poems that form a whole

61
Q

Heroic couplets

A

Often used in epic and narrative poems. A pair of rhyming lines in iambic pentameter.

62
Q

Choral suite

A

A collection of persona poems by different speakers

63
Q

Materia poetica

A

Material for poetry

64
Q

Concrete poem

A

Visual picture made of words

65
Q

Sound poem

A

Sound of words without full attention to meaning

Uses defamiliarization

acoustic emphasis

66
Q

Aleatoric poem

A

Composed by chance, rather than design

67
Q

Hypertext poem

A

Provides links to other words, documents, media, etc.

68
Q

Motion poetry

A

Combines text with textual animation

69
Q

Content words

A

Subjects and verbs

Core elements of the English sentence

70
Q

Colour words

A

Adjectives and adverbs

Modifiers can be useful, but often indicate that nouns and verbs should be more specific

71
Q

Structure words

A

Articles, conjunctions, prepositions, relative pronouns

These words have a little content, and no impact on our senses, they are just the widgets that allow us to relate one idea to another

Poetic Terms (1 decks)

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