Poetic devices + Grammar

Question 1

Independent Clause

Answer 1

Expresses a complete thought. Ex. Jim walked to the store.

Question 2

Dependent clause

Answer 2

Doesn’t express a complete thought. Always begins with a subordinating conjunction. Ex. When jim walked to the store.

Question 3

Comma Splices

Answer 3

Two independent clauses joined by a comma. Ex. Jim walked to the store, he bought milk. To fix: separate the sentences.

Question 4

A fused sentence

Answer 4

No punctuation between two clauses. Ex. Jim walked to the store he bought milk. To fix: Add punctuation

Question 5

Coordinating Conjunctions Examples

Answer 5

FANBOYS (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so)

Question 6

What are Coordinating Conjunctions?

Answer 6

Connecting words for two independent clauses. Ex. Jim walked to the store, but it was closed when he got there. (but is the coordinating conjunction).

Question 7

Subordinating Conjunction

Answer 7

Joins an independent and dependant clause. Ex. Jim walked to the store because he needed milk. Because is the word that makes the dependant clause depend on the independent.

Question 8

Subject

Answer 8

Who or what performs an action (verb). Ex. Mary snorted cocaine. Mary is the subject.

Question 9

Verb

Answer 9

The action being performed. Ex. Mary snorted cocaine. Snorted is the verb.

Question 10

Object

Answer 10

The thing receiving the verb. (can also be pronouns) ex. Ex. Mary snorted cocaine. Cocaine is the object.

Question 11

What is a modifier?

Answer 11

A word that adds detail or changes the meaning of its target (the word it is modifying).

Question 12

Misplaced modifier

Answer 12

When the modifier is placed too far away from the target. Ex. Jim took his wallet to the store, which was empty. What is empty his wallet or the store? Rearrange to fix.

Question 13

Dangling modifier

Answer 13

When a writer uses a modifier but forgets the target all together. Ex. Walking to the store my wallet fell in the mud. What was walking to the store the wallet of the mud. Add a target to fix.

Question 14

Pronoun reference

Answer 14

When you are referring to a noun in which you are replacing with a pronoun but that noun is not clear. Ex. John set down his sandwich next to a bug, he smashed it with his palm. What did he smash? The bug or sandwich. Fix by replacing one of the two with the noun.

Question 15

Parallel Structure

Answer 15

Repetition of grammatical form in a sentence, ex. all past tense verbs, all plural, etc. Ex. Jim not only bought butter, but also got milk.

Question 16

Gerunds

Answer 16

A verb that is used in a sentence as a noun rather than to describe an action that someone is doing. Ex. Jim enjoys walking. ‘Walking’ the noun, the verb is ‘enjoys’.

Question 17

Action Verb

Answer 17

Something you can do Ex. Jim is walking.

Question 18

Auxiliary verb

Answer 18

Helping verb, ex. ‘am’, ‘has’, ‘do’. Ex. I am leaving. Leaving is the main verb, ‘am’ is the auxiliary verb.

Question 19

Linking verb

Answer 19

Connect the subject to more info. ‘Am’, ‘Is’ and ‘Are’ are the core of linking verbs. If you can replace a verb with one of these and the sentence is still logical the verb is linking.

Question 20

Compound verb

Answer 20

When a subject is doing two or more verbs.

Question 21

Alliteration

Answer 21

Repetition of consonant. Ex. Wicked which of the West went on her way

Question 22

Assonance

Answer 22

Repetition of sounds through vowels. Ex. A long song

Question 23

Allusion

Answer 23

When the author refers to something in passing reference to draw on something from the readers mind. Ex. Greed was his Achilles’ heel.

Question 24

Metaphor

Answer 24

Making a direct comparison between two things. Ex. Henry is a lion on the battlefield.

Question 25

Simile

Answer 25

Making a comparison using words like; like and as. Ex. Henry is like a lion on the battlefield.

Question 26

Personification

Answer 26

Attaching human traits or characteristics to inanimate objects/animals. Ex. The wise owl.

Question 27

Fragmentation

Answer 27

Jumping from one idea to another, breaking up lines and sentences.

Question 28

Compression

Answer 28

The art of saying a lot with very little. Ex. Not proud of my address, in a torn up town, no post code envy.

Question 29

Onomatopoeia

Answer 29

Words that sound like their sounds. Hum, grunt, click.

Question 30

Rhetorical Question

Answer 30

Asking a question to make a point rather than get an answer.

Question 31

Foreshadowing

Answer 31

Giving subtle hints of what is going to happen without giving away the plot.

Question 32

Metonymy

Answer 32

Referring to something by a physical or personality trait that that it holds. Ex. The blond, the students, guapa, etc.

Question 33

Anaphora

Answer 33

A form of repetition in which the same word or phrase I repeated at the beginning of each sentence. Ex. I can smile, I can laugh, I can be happy

Question 34

Enjambment

Answer 34

Continuing a sentence over a line break. Ex. What had summer had / to do with….