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PMLS 2 FINALS > POCT > Flashcards

POCT Flashcards

1
Q

alternative for when alcohol cannot be used.

A

Benzalkonium chloride

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2
Q

(determining lead, mercury)

A
  • Trace element free tube (royal blue top)
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3
Q

why is - Trace element free tube (royal blue top) necessary

A

kase regular tubes have traces of heavy metals

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4
Q
  • ARD
A

Anticoagulant ruling device

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4
Q
  • ARD
A

Anticoagulant ruling device

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5
Q

ARD can be made of

A

o Can be made of plastic resins (already incorporated blood culture bottles) / activated charcoal (already incorporated in

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6
Q

o for blood culture whenever patient is already taking antibiotics

A
  • ARD (Anticoagulant ruling device)
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7
Q

o Used to neutralize the effect of antibiotic. Removes antibiotic residue

A

ard

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8
Q

= presense of bacteria in blood. Normally, blood should be sterile

A

bacteremia

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9
Q

when bacteria is already multiplying in the blood stream

A

o Septisemia

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10
Q

o For drug testing.legal issue kase to. Discerns lahat na humawak ng sample from the collection of urine till release of result. Usually urine sample. Iallagay observations kung nagkakaran leakage kunwari

A

ccf

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11
Q

ccf

A

chain of custody form

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12
Q

body has excess of blood. Increase of rbc. Malapot madalas.

A

polycthemia vera

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13
Q

body has excess of blood. Increase of rbc. Malapot madalas.

A

polycythemia vera

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14
Q

ANTICOAGULANTin blood bag

A

ACD or CBD or CBDA.

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15
Q

LACTATE IS NOT DONE FOR BLOOD CULTURE

A

o Lactate test = usually done in blood culture.

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16
Q

use of ice in lactate test

A

o Ice is for preserving lactate during transfer in lab

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17
Q

why is ice tube in lactate test wrapped in double bag

A

o Iced tube wrapped in double bag para kahit na dumikit sa container di mahehemolyze dugo.

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18
Q

o In other method need 14mm mercury blood pressure to do the bleeding and clotting time

A
  • Sphymomanometer
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19
Q
  • Performed to diagnose septecimia or bacteremia
A

blood culture

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20
Q

specimens for blood culture collection is collected in

A
  • Specimens collected in special bottles containing culture medium (nutrient broth) aerobic and anaerobic bottles
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21
Q

bacteria that are able to tolerate oxygen

A

aerobes

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22
Q

bacteria that dies in presence of oxygen which can often be cause of bacteremia and septesemia ()

A

anaerobes

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23
Q

anticoagulant in blood culture

A

SPS (sodium polyanethol sulfonate)

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24
Q
  • Blood specimens for patients unedrsgoing antimicrobial therapy are collected
A

using ARD for patients under antimicrobial therapy

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25
Q
  • One of the most common error in blood culture is
A

contamination

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26
Q

2 disinfectant in blood culture

A

alcohol and povidone iodine

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27
Q

contact time for iodine in disinfecting blood culture

A

1 min

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28
Q
  • In blood culture pag needle and syringe
A

anaerobic muna. Long term exposure adds exposure to oxygen.

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29
Q

Butterfly method

A
  • = aerobic muna. Kase tubing may air that could contribute to level of oxygen.
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30
Q

INCUBATION TIME BRUCELLOSIS

A

4wks

31
Q

INCUBATION TIME tb

A

6wks

32
Q

INCUBATION TIME
Anaerobic infections

A

14days

33
Q

Normal time for observation

INCUBATION TIME

A

5DAYS

34
Q

Normal time for observation

A

LACTATE

35
Q

gets higher during episodes of low oxygen level (in strenuous exercise, severe infection like sepsis kaya ginagawa alongside blood culture)

A

LACTATE OR LACTIC ACID

36
Q

DISORDER
Bleeding or Thrombin time

A

thrombocytopenia, von willebrand disease

37
Q

disorder
Platelet count

A

thrombocytopenia

38
Q

disorder
PT
(prothrombin time)

A

defect in vitamin k-dependent factor, liver disease, DIC

39
Q

APTT
(activated partial thromboplastin time)
disorder

A

haemophilia, von willebrand disease, DIC

40
Q

MECHANISM TESTED
Bleeding or Thrombin time

A

Hemostasis, capillary and platelet function

41
Q

MECHANISM TESTED
PLATELET COUNT

A

Platelet number

42
Q

MECHANISM
PT

A

Extrinsic and common pathway

43
Q

mechanism tested
aptt

A

Intrinsic and common pathway

44
Q

pt and aptt ratio

A

9:1

45
Q
  • In ? method need sphygmomanometer
A

hibis

46
Q

bleeding time retdem method

A

deux

47
Q

in bleeding and clotting time, puncture should have

A
  • Puncture should not exceed 2.4 in width . depth not more than 3mn,
48
Q

bleeding time normal value

A

2-4/6

49
Q

clotting time normal value

A

2-8 mins

50
Q

konti cells napoproduce sa bone marrow)

A

bone marrow aplasia

51
Q

platelets not bind ng maayos)

A

 Defective platelet aggregation

52
Q

PROLONGED BLEEDING TIME IN:

A

 Thrombocytopenia (kulang platelet)
 Bone marrow aplasia or bone willebrand disease (konti cells napoproduce sa bone marrow)
 Defective platelet aggregation (platelets not bind ng maayos)

53
Q

PROLONGED CLOTTING TIME IN:

A

 Liver diseases (production of clotting factors) _ (coagulation factor are synthesized by liver)
 Anticoagulant therapy (takes anticoagulant)
 Vitamin K deficiency (defected clotting factors 2,7,9 and 10)

54
Q

Detection of gestational diabetes

A

OGCT

55
Q
  • 75g glucose solution
A

OGCT

56
Q
  • Confirm screening positive for fbs or rbs
  • Determines how quickly glucose is cleared from the blood
A

OGTT

57
Q
  • 100g solution
A

OGTT

58
Q
  • 8-12 hours fasting. Avoid exercise and
  • hemolyzed sample not allowed
A

OGTT

59
Q

MEANING OF OGTT TEST RESULT
<140

A

NORMAL

60
Q

140 to 200
(7.8-11.1mmol/l)
MEANING OF OGTT TEST RESULT

A

Pre-diabetes

61
Q

200>
MEANING OF OGTT TEST RESULT

A

diabetes

62
Q

OGCT TEST RESULLT ILAGAY D2

A

N

63
Q

exposed to sugar found in circulation for as long as rbc life span (90-120 days). Didikit ditto yung sugar

A

hemoglobin a1

64
Q
  • Kung ano level ng sugar sa circulation for 30 or 90 days that will be the average glucose level of the patient during the 90 days.
A

hemoglobin a1

65
Q
  • Like fbs but sample is plasma not serum
A

fpg fasting plasma glucose

66
Q
  • a unit of blood from a patient is removed and not replaced. It is used as a treatment for polycythemia vera
A

blood donor collection

67
Q

autologous blood donation

A

for specific person. for operation?

68
Q
  • testing of drug levels at specific intervals to help establish a drug dosage to avoid drug toxicity
A

THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING

69
Q
  • monitoring of drug should be at
A

through or peak

70
Q
  • = drug level collected when the lowest serum concentration of the drug is expected, usually prior to the administration of the next scheduled dose
A

TROUGH LEVEL

71
Q

drug level collection at its highest serum concentration of the drug during a dosing interval

A

peak level

72
Q
  • = a paper trail of docx to track and document each step in the drug testing process and each responsible entity that touches the specimen from the time it was submitted by the donor up until the results are released
A

chain fo csutody form

73
Q

ml of urine in drug test

A

60ml

74
Q

confirmatory methods of drug test

A

gcms

75
Q
  • = “bedside testing” is defined as medical diagnostic testing at or near the point of care-that is, at the time and place of patient care
A

POCT

PMLS 2 FINALS (2 decks)

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