Pocket Prep review

Question 1

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer 1

A condition that occurs when blood becomes overly alkaline.

Alkaline is the opposite of acidic.

Causes bradypnea, which is a reduction in the rate and depth of respirations.

Question 2

carina

Answer 2

The trachea divides into the two main bronchi at the anatomical point known as the carina. This ring of cartilage appears just superior to the bifurcation of the bronchi into the right and left lungs.

Question 3

Addison’s disease and Cushing’s disease

Answer 3

endocrine disorders caused by pituitary gland and adrenal gland abnormalities.

Question 4

Graves disease

Answer 4

is an endocrine disorder caused by thyroid gland abnormalities.

Question 5

GERD

Answer 5

(Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease)

A disorder of the gastrointestinal system.

Question 6

Bradypnea

Answer 6

Abnormally slow breathing rate.

Question 7

Bradycardia

Answer 7

slower than normal heart rate

Question 8

Sedative-hypnotic drugs

Answer 8

depress central nervous system & alter level of consciousness

Does not treat pain directly, but alter the perception of pain.

• diazepam (Valium)
• alprazolam (Xanax)
• lorazepam (Ativan)
• ketamine
• phenobarbital.

Question 9

Narcotic Analgesic

Answer 9

Morphine treats pain directly.

Effects similar to sedative-hypnotic drugs.

Opiate-based and considered a narcotic analgesic.

Question 10

Sterilization

Answer 10

a process that eliminates all forms of life & biological agents.

Question 11

Disinfection

Answer 11

eliminates nearly all recognized pathogenic microorganisms but not necessarily all microbial forms (e.g., bacterial spores) on inanimate objects.

Question 12

Decontamination

Answer 12

Reduces microbial contamination

so that infection transmission is eliminated.

Question 13

Cleaning

Answer 13

the process of removing dirt, dust, blood, or other visible contaminants from a surface or equipment.

Question 14

evisceration

Answer 14

an abdominal injury in which organs protrude from the peritoneum.

Question 15

subluxation injury

Answer 15

an incomplete or partial dislocation of a joint or organ.

Question 16

avulsion

Answer 16

an injury that separates various layers of soft tissue (usually between the subcutaneous layer and fascia) so they become completely detached or hang as a flap. Significant bleeding is common. If possible, replace the avulsed flap in its original position as long as it is not visibly contaminated. If the avulsion is detached, the piece should be wrapped in sterile gauze and transported with the patient.

Question 17

circumflex

Answer 17

a branch of the left coronary artery, which supplies blood to the heart muscle. It is not part of the conduction system.

Question 18

Cystitis

Answer 18

a urinary tract infection of the bladder.

Question 19

Kyphosis

Answer 19

the forward curling of the back caused by an increased curvature of the spine.

Question 20

Renal calculi

Answer 20

kidney stones. If a stone blocks a ureter, pressure will build behind the stone, and the kidney will swell.

Question 21

Pericardium

Answer 21

The pericardium is the fibrous sac that surrounds the heart. If this sac fills with blood or fluid, cardiac tamponade occurs.

Question 22

myocardium

Answer 22

the muscle tissue of the heart.

Question 23

peritoneum

Answer 23

The membrane that lines the abdominal cavity

Question 24

mediastinum

Answer 24

is a space between the lungs that contains the heart, great vessels, esophagus, trachea, major bronchi, and many nerves.

Question 25

dark red and flows steadily from a wound.

Answer 25

Venous bleeding

Question 26

Ventricular fibrillation

Answer 26

a dangerous type of arrhythmia, or irregular heartbeat. It affects your heart's ventricles.

Question 27

unilaterally fixed and dilated pupil abnormal respirations bradycardia widening pulse pressure

Answer 27

Intracranial Pressure (ICP) increases

Question 28

Ventricular tachycardia

Answer 28

a fast, abnormal heart rate. It starts in your heart's lower chambers, called the ventricles. VT is defined as 3 or more heartbeats in a row, at a rate of more than 100 beats a minute. If VT lasts for more than a few seconds at a time, it can become life-threatening.

Question 29

subdural hematoma

Answer 29

is a buildup of blood on the surface of the brain. hey often present more slowly; acute symptoms usually develop gradually one to two days after the initial injury.

Question 30

Hepatitis

Answer 30

a general term referring to inflammation of the liver, and it may result from either infectious (viral, bacterial, fungal, and parasitic organisms) or noninfectious (alcohol, drugs, autoimmune diseases, and metabolic diseases) causes.

Question 31

somnolent

Answer 31

sleepy; drowsy.

Question 32

urticaria

Answer 32

Hives (urticaria) are red, itchy welts that result from a skin reaction.

Question 33

cholecystitis and gallstones ulcers/GERD appendicitis pancreatitis gastroenteritis

Answer 33

Sudden-onset abdominal pain and tenderness indicate acute abdomen

Question 34

Kidney stones (renal calculi) will most likely result in

Answer 34

flank or lower back pain, not abdominal pain.

Question 35

Pulmonary artery

Answer 35

Deoxygenated blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via the pulmonary artery.

Question 36

pulmonary veins

Answer 36

Oxygenated blood returns from the lungs to the left atrium via the pulmonary veins

Question 37

aorta

Answer 37

Oxygenated blood is then pumped from the left ventricle to the body via the aorta.

Question 38

Deoxygenated blood flows from the body to the right atrium via...

Answer 38

the superior and inferior vena cava.

Question 39

Pulmonary edema

Answer 39

Wet Lung Pulmonary edema is a condition caused by excess fluid in the lungs. This fluid collects in the numerous air sacs in the lungs, making it difficult to breathe. In most cases, heart problems cause pulmonary edema.

Question 40

How do you say bradypnea?

Answer 40

bruh·dip·nee·uh

Question 41

bradypnea

Answer 41

a reduction in the rate and depth of respirations.

Question 42

capillary cellular exchange

Answer 42

cells give up carbon dioxide and obtain oxygen from the capillaries, which accept the yielded carbon dioxide.

Question 43

Asystole

Answer 43

unresponsive to electrical stimulation

Question 44

dyspnea

Answer 44

dysp·ne·a /dispˈnēə/ difficult or labored breathing.

Question 45

Peripheral edema

Answer 45

Swelling of your lower legs or hands.

Question 46

What Posts are including in Car Terminology?

Answer 46

engine compartment, trunk, roof, driver side, passenger side, A post, B post, and C post.

Question 47

hemiplegia & hemiparesis

Answer 47

paralysis of one side of the body.

Question 48

Dysphagia

Answer 48

difficulty swallowing or an inability to swallow

Question 49

cricoid cartilage

Answer 49

The cricoid cartilage is a firm ring that is located inferior to (below) the thyroid cartilage at the lowest portion of the larynx.

Question 50

Biggest difference between Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS)?

Answer 50

biggest differences between HHNS and DKA are blood glucose levels (higher in HHNS) and the presence of ketones (absent in HHNS).

Question 51

Ketones

Answer 51

Chemicals made in your liver. You produce them when you don't have enough of the hormone insulin in your body to turn sugar (or “glucose”) into energy.

Question 52

Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Answer 52

antiseizure medication used for the management of epilepsy.

Question 53

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Answer 53

Antidepressants. The most common SSRIs include: * fluoxetine (Prozac) * paroxetine (Paxil) * citalopram (Celexa) * sertraline (Zoloft)

Question 54

tracheitis

Answer 54

acute bacterial infection of the subglottic area of the upper airway

Question 55

pallor

Answer 55

pale skin tone

Question 56

paresthesia

Answer 56

numbness feeling