POA - 12. Regional Nuclear Issues Flashcards
The spread of nuclear weapons, fissile material, and weapons-related nuclear technology and information, to nations which are not recognized as Nuclear Weapon States.
Nuclear Proliferation
Measures to limit/stop the spread of nuclear weapons, fissile material, and weapons-related nuclear technology and information.
Nuclear Nonproliferation
At present, 189 countries have signed this treaty, including the only five Nuclear Weapon States
Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT)
One which has manufactured and exploded a nuclear weapon or other nuclear explosive device prior to 1 Jan 1967.
Nuclear Weapon State
Nuclear Weapon States
- China
- France
- Russian Federation
- United Kingdom
- United States
Efforts by non-members of the NPT to secure transport, and employ weapons of mass destruction.
Proliferation Activities
Weapons capable of a high order of destruction and used in such a manner as to destroy large numbers of people. Can be nuclear, biological, chemical, and radiological weapons but exclude the means of transporting or propelling the weapon where such means is a separate and divisible part of the weapon.
Weapons of Mass Destruction
Efforts by members of the NPT to detect, secure, and dispose of WMD.
Nonproliferation Activities
Electricity is clean and results in a relatively small amount of waste. Gives countries a valid reason to pursue nuclear energy, but raises concern over the potential use of the waste produced
Nuclear Energy For Power
Front-end process results in weapons-grade uranium while the back-end process results in the fuel decaying into plutonium.
Nuclear Fuel Cycle
First country to pledge to not exercise its right under the NPT to enrich uranium or reprocess plutonium to make nuclear fuel.
United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Buys nuclear fuel from Russia and insists on enriching uranium to make its own fuel, raising suspicions that is program may have other goals. Program was initially approved in the mid-70s but now challenges the fragile conditions of peace and stability in parts of the Middle East.
Iran
Continues to defy the international community. UN obligated to seize the initiative - condemnation, rounds of sanctions, and then gridlock enforcing the sanctions. Crisis underlines critical need for international nonproliferation consensus.
North Korea
Nuclear history unrelated to the Cold War. Lasting peace requires agreement on issues such as Kashmir, nonproliferation, disarmament, etc.
India - Pakistan
The spread of nuclear weapons, fissile material, and weapons-related nuclear technology and information best describes?
Nuclear Proliferation