PNS upper limb

Question 1

in an UMNL, will pronation or supination be more affected?

Answer 1

• supination

Question 2

how do UMNL vs LMNL affect tone?

Answer 2

• upper: increase muscle tone (spasticity in pyramidal and rigidity in extrapyramidal)
• lower: decreased muscle tone

Question 3

dysmetria

Answer 3

• difficulty in controlling distance/ROM

Question 4

dysdiadochokinesia

Answer 4

• reduced ability to perform rapidly alternating movements

Question 5

what spinal tract/s are tested by light touch

Answer 5

• spinothalamic
• DCML

Question 6

what spinal tract/s are tested by pain and temperature

Answer 6

• spinothalamic

Question 7

myotomes for shoulder abduction

Answer 7

C5,6

Question 8

myotomes for shoulder adduction

Answer 8

C6,7,8

Question 9

myotomes for shoulder external rotation

Answer 9

C5,6

Question 10

myotomes for elbow flexion

Answer 10

C5,6

Question 11

myotomes for elbow extension

Answer 11

C7,8

Question 12

myotomes for wrist flexion

Answer 12

C6,7

Question 13

myotomes for wrist extension

Answer 13

C7,8

Question 14

myotomes for finger extension

Answer 14

C7,8

Question 15

myotomes for finger flexion

Answer 15

C7,8

Question 16

myotomes for finger abduction

Answer 16

C8,T1

Question 17

myotomes for finger adduction

Answer 17

C8,T1

Question 18

myotomes for thumb abduction

Answer 18

C8,T1

Question 19

myotomes for thumb opposition

Answer 19

C8,T1

Question 20

myotomes for biceps reflex

Answer 20

C5,6

Question 21

myotomes for triceps reflex

Answer 21

C7,8

Question 22

myotomes for brachioradialis reflex

Answer 22

C5,6

Question 23

myotomes for finger reflex

Answer 23

C8

Question 24

2 point discrimination

Answer 24

• ability to recognise points of contact as 2 diff points instead of 1

Question 25

stereognosis

Answer 25

• ability to identify an object placed in your hand w/o looking

Question 26

how to assess tremor and what happens if they do have it?

Answer 26

• assess w/ fingers abducted
• ask whether intermittent or constant and ask abt FHx

Question 27

2 types of tremor

Answer 27

• pathological: slower at rest and reduced by voluntary movement
• intention: absent at rest and exacerbated by movement

Question 28

what is muscle tone?

Answer 28

• resistance of a muscle to passive movement