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PAES > PNS/BAFS 364:2023 > Flashcards

PNS/BAFS 364:2023 Flashcards

(78 cards)

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1
Q

biological conversion of biodegradable materials by microorganisms in the absence of oxygen creating 2 main products: biogas and digestate

A

anaerobic digestion process

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2
Q

amount of organic matters in a substance that can be degraded by anaerobic microorganisms. it also indicates the biogas output per unit quantity of substrate

A

biochemical methane potential (BMP)

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3
Q

gas produced by anaerobic digestion of organic matter.

A

biogas

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4
Q

biogas typically consists of ______ methane, _______ carbon dioxide, along with small amounts of water vapor and other gases

A

40 - 75% methane
14 - 45% carbon dioxide

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5
Q

system used to process agricultural, fishery, and agro-industrial waste to produce biogas and sludge consisting of, but not limited to, a mixing tank/inlet, digester, gas chamber, and outlet/sludge tank/hydraulic pressure tank.

A

biogas system

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6
Q

non-fossiled, biodegradable organic materials originating from naturally occurring or cultured plants, animals and microorganisms, including agricultural products, by-products and residues that can be used in biconversion process

A

biomass resources
biomass

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7
Q

consists of solid and liquid waste, slurry including by-products and residues resulting from the production and processing of crop, livestock, poultry, and fishery

A

agricultural and fishery wastes

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8
Q

consists of solid and liquid waste generated from local activity or series of activities to maintain or raise the quality or change the form or characteristics of agricultural, fisheries, and forestry products

A

agro-industrial wastes

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9
Q

ratio of carbon and nitrogen content in substrate

A

carbon and nitrogen ratio (C?N)

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10
Q

amount of oxygen consumed by oxidizing substrate under heating conditions with chemical oxidants, usually expressed in terms of oxygen consumption in mg/L or g?L

A

chemical oxygen demand (COD)

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11
Q

anaerobic digestion installation including reactors, tanks, and related equipment

A

digester

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12
Q

residue that comes out at the outlet after the substrate is digested/processed inside the digester

A

effluent

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13
Q

safety component meant to combust biogas during exceptional situations when the biogas is not utilized

A

flare

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14
Q

distance as measured from the slurry filling line to the inside top of the inlet tank

A

freeboard

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15
Q

space inside or outside the digester for the collection and storage of biogas; also known as gasholder or biogas storage

A

gas chmaber

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16
Q

average period that a given quantity of slurry is retained in the digester expressed either in hours or days

A

hydraulic retention time
retention time

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17
Q

serves as passage or duct of the slurry from the inlet tank to the digester

A

inlet pipe

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18
Q

chamber where substrate and water are collected, stored and separated from heavy and non-biodegradable materials before feeding them into the digester; also known as mixing tank or equalization tank

A

inlet tank

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19
Q

temperature range of 20 to 40 deg C

A

mesophilic temperature

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20
Q

serves as passage or duct where the effluent or the slurry is forced out

A

outlet pipe

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21
Q

amount of volatile organic dry matter entering the digester over time, measured in kg/m3 digester volume/day

A

organic loading rate

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22
Q

chamber where digestate is stored

A

outlet tank

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23
Q

layer of floating material that may accumulate on the surface of the digester tank

A

scum

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24
Q

adding or introducing anaerobic microorganism to the digester to enhance bio-digestion

A

seeding

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25
settled portion of precipitate of the slurry; a mud-like, semi-solid mass
sludge
26
average period time the slurry is in the tank prior to digestion, expressed in days
storage period
27
part of the biomass which is biodegradable and converted by anaerobic MO and/or enzymes as catalyst into biogas
substrate feedstock
28
amount of residues remaining after evaporation and hydration of substrate at a certain temperature, expressed in percent (%); it is also referred to as dry matter, expressed in g/L
total solid (TS)
29
of the total solids and ash content (remaining solid after burning total solids for 1 hour at 550 plus/minus 50 deg C), expressed in %; it is also referred to as organic dry matter, expressed in g/L
volatile solid (VS)robic
30
digestion which uses organic material with consistency of 10-20% dry matter or less
wet anaerobic digestion
31
volume for biogas digester in m3 for household and its estimated energy content per year (GWh/yr)
less than 140 m3 less than 0.1 GWh/yr
32
volume for biogas digester in m3 for non-household small-scale and its estimated energy content per year (GWh/yr)
140 - 7000 m3 0.1 - 5 GWh/yr
33
volume for biogas digester in m3 for non-household medium-scale and its estimated energy content per year (GWh/yr)
7000 to 140 000 m3 5 to 100 GWh/yr
34
volume for biogas digester in m3 for non-household large-scale and its estimated energy content per year (GWh/yr)
greater than 140 000 m3 greater than 100 GWh/yr
35
a type of biogas system uses biomass resources from 1 household for its own use and consists of a digester and an application for cooking, heating, or lighting only
household biogas system
36
according to utilization, this type of biogas system uses agricultural fishery and agro-industrial wastes from a farm for its own use and an application for heating, lighting, or electrical power production only
farm-scale biogas system
37
according to utilization, this type of biogas system uses agricultural fishery and agro-industrial wastes to produce biogas available for sale
commercial-scale biogas system
38
according to energy content, this biogas system with a production capacity of bigas having an energy content of 0.1 GWh/yr
small
39
according to energy content, this biogas system with a production capacity of bigas having an energy content of 5 - 100 GWh/yr
medium
40
according to energy content, this biogas system with a production capacity of bigas having an energy content of more than 100 GWh/yr
large
41
according to the number of digesters, this biogas system composed of only one digester
single-digester biogas system
42
according to the number of digesters, this biogas system composed of 2 or more digesters arranged in either series or parallel or a combination of both
multi-digester biogas system multi-stage digester biogas system
43
according to feeding method, this biogas system that is fed with substrate continuously to produce biogas
continuous-fed
44
according to feeding method, this biogas system that are filled and discharged completely after a fixed retention time
batch-fed (mixed or unmixed)
45
the location for non-household biogas system should require ______ distance from vulnerable areas and water sources in compliance with local and national ordinances
25 m
46
the size of the inlet tank should hold the equivalent volume for a minimum of ___ day/s and maximum of ____ day/s
min of 1 day max of 10 days
47
the biogas shall have an _____ to allow the slurry to enter the digester, where it will be broken down by microorganisms to produce biogas
inlet pipe
48
classification of biogas digester according to gas chamber design, composed of a moving gas chamber that either floats directly in the fermenting slurry or in a separate water jacket
floating type
48
classification of biogas digester according to gas chamber design, composed of a gas chamber fixed to the digester.
fixed type
48
classification of biogas digester according to position, digester placed above ground level
ground digester
49
classification of biogas digester according to position, digester placed below ground level to avoid disruption
underground digester
49
regulating devices
pressure valves/ gas meter, open manometer
50
for this type, the biogas chamber shall be equipped with an appropriately designed stopper for safety purposes
floating type
51
the biogas system shall have an ________ to facilitate the removal of digested material or digestate from the digester
outlet pipe
52
the biogas system shall have an ______ to receive and temporarily store the effluent coming out from the digester
outlet tank
53
for floating, the minimum volume of the outlet tank shall be ____ to the daily slurry input of the digester
equal
54
for fixed type, the volume of the tank shall be ______ of the difgester volume occupied by the slurry
1/3
55
for batch-fed type, the outlet tank shall function as a _____ with a minimum volume equal to the digester before disposal
storage tank
56
the biogas system shall have an ________ to collect, store, and treat the effluent coming from the tank
effluent management unit
56
the biogas system shall have a _____ to process and manage the residual sludge generated during the anaerobic digestion process.
sludge management unit
57
an auxiliary component that shall act as a pressure regulator and outlet of the biogas digester
hydraulic pressure tank
58
material requirement for biogas system with a minimum requirement of <350 cc/m2/d/bar of methane
gas permeability
59
material requirement for biogas system for tensile strength
12 MPa (12 N/mm2)
59
a type of plastic that is recommended for gas holder/ gas storage lining in conformance with ASTM 3350
high density polyethylene (HDPE)
60
for non-household biogas system, before construction, a _____ shall be conducted in the area where the biogas system shall be built. the result of the investigation shall then be incorporated into the design of the biogas system
geotechnical investigation
61
geotechnical investigation shall include
location of water table soil bearing capacity etc
62
geotechnical investigation for household biogas system shall include
ocular inspection manual digging of about 1.5 m to check the level of the water table
63
excavation for the digester should be vertical as possible. A _____ minimum gap on both sides shall be allowed for backfill
0.15 m
64
foundation of the digester should be made of _____ or ___, and tamped before pouring of concrete
cobbles or crushed stones
65
for loose soil, the mixture of the backfill should be ___ gravel or broken stones and ___ soil. Water content in the backfill soil should be about ____.
30% gravel 70% soil 20-25%
65
for the design of any pressurized component of the biogas system, a minimum factor of safety of ___ shall be used
2.0 m
66
discharge of vent pipes shall not be located near ignition sources or ventilation openings, altitudes where the risk of inhalation is possible. A minimum required safety distance of ___ shall be applied
5m
66
the initial raw materials should contain slurry with a high bacterial population. about ___ of the total slurry volume should be added when the digester is about ___ full
5-10% of the total slurry 25% full
67
according to ISO 2425:2021, it is determined that 1 Nm3 of biogas composed of 100% methane yields an energy content of
9.97 kWh
68
digester retention time for liquid pig manure
15 - 25 days
69
digester retention time for cow/carabao manure
20-30 days
70
digester retention time for chicken manure
20-40 days
71
digester retention time for animal manure mixed with plant material
50-80 days

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