PNF Flashcards
PNF diagonal D1 flexion UE
start with GH IR, abduction, extension
goes to GH ER, add, flexion
PNF diagonal D1 extension UE
start with GH ER, add, Flexion
end with GH IR, abd, Ext
PNF D1 flexion LE
start with hip IR, abduction and ext
end with hip ER, add, flexion
PNF D1 extension LE
start with hip flexion, ER, add
end with hip extension, IR, abd
D2 flexion UE
start with GH IR, add, ext
end with GH ER, abduc, flexion
** pulling sword
D2 extension UE
start with GH flexion, ER, abduction
end with GH IR, add, extension
** putting sword back
D2 flexion LE
hip ER, add, ext
end with hip IR, abd, flexion
D2 extension LE
start with hip IR, abd, flex
end with hip ER, add, ext
Agonist Reversals
slow isotonic shortening contraction through range followed by eccentric lengthening of same muscle
agonist reversal indications
weak postural muscles
inability to eccentrically control body weight during movement transitions (sitting down)
approximation definition
joint compression
approximation indications
stimulate afferent nerve endings
facilitate postural extensors promoting stability
contract relax definition
isotonic movement in rotation followed by isometric hold of range limiting muscles in antagonist pattern against slowly increasing resistance then passive motion and active contraction of the agonist pattern
contract relax indications
limited range of motion caused by muscle tightness or spasticity
hold relax definition
isometric contraction of the antagonistic pattern against slowly increasing resistance followed by voluntary relaxation and passive movement into the new gained range of agonist pattern.
active contraction of the agonists can also be performed and relaxes the antagonist through reciprocal inhibition
hold relax indications
limitations in ROM due to tightness, spasm, or pain
repeated contractions definition
repeated isotonic contractions induced by quick stretches and enhanced by resistance performed though the range or part of the range at a point of weakness
repeated contractions indications
weakness
incoordination
muscle imbalances
lack of endurance
rhythmic initiation definition
voluntary relaxation followed by passive movement through increasing ROM, followed by active assisted contractions progressing to resisted isotonic contractions
rhythmic initiation indications
spasticity rigidity hypertonicity inability to initiate motion (apraxia) motor learning deficits communication deficits (aphasia)
rhythmic stabilization definition
simultaneous isometric contractions of both agonist and antagonist patterns performed without relaxation using careful grading of resistance .
co-contraction of opposite muscle groups
rhythmic stabilization indications
instability in weight bearing and holding
poor antigravity control
weakness
ataxia
limited ROM caused by muscle tightness or painful muscle splinting
slow reversal/ slow reversal hold definition
alternating isotonic contractions of agonist then antagonist patterns using careful grading of resistance and optimal facilitation.
in hold - isometric hold is added at end of motion or point of weakness
slow reversal/ slow reversal hold indications
inability to reverse directions
muscle weakness or imbalances
incoordination
lack of endurance
traction definiton
separation of joint surfaces
traction indications
facilitates flexor muscles
mobilizing patterns
