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NM PCM > PNF > Flashcards

PNF Flashcards

1
Q

Afterdischarge

A

Effect of a stimulus continues after the stimulus stops. As strength/duration increase so does after-discharge.

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2
Q

Temporal Summation

A

Succession of weak stimuli occurring within a certain short period of time summate to cause excitation

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3
Q

Spatial Summation

A

Weak stimuli applied simultaneously to different areas of the body reinforce each other to cause excitation.

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4
Q

Irradiation

A

Spreading and increased strength of a response. Occurs when either the # or strength of a stimuli is increased. response may be excitation or inhibition. The spread of the response to stimulation.

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5
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition

A

Contraction of muscles is accompanied by simultaneous inhibition of their antagonists. Necessary for coordinated movement.

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6
Q

Reinforcement

A

Strengthen weaker muscles by altering resistance given to strong muscles.

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7
Q

Manual Contact

A

PT hand must be on SKIN. Apply pressure opposite the direction of motion. Don’t hold circumferentially.

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8
Q

When does the initial command come?

A

Immediately before the stretch reflex.

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9
Q

What can affect the strength of the contraction?

A

Volume/intensity of the command.

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10
Q

What are the three parts to a verbal command?

A

Preparation: Ready pt for action
Action: Tells pt to start action
Correction: tells pt how to correct the modify the action.

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11
Q

How does vision affect force?

A

Can promote a more powerful muscle contraction. Moving eyes will affect head/body motion. Eye contact with PT = communication.

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12
Q

How is traction used?

A

Stimulates joint receptors. Aid in elongation of muscle, facilitate motion, resist some part of the motion.

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13
Q

How is approximation used?

A

Promote stabilization, facilitate WB and contraction of antigravity muscles, resist some component of motion.

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14
Q

Stretch stimulus

A

Occurs when a muscle is elongated. “Wind up the limb” Lengthened muscle tension.

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15
Q

Stretch reflex

A

Elicited from muscles that are under tension, either from elongation or contraction. “quick stretch”

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16
Q

What is normal timing?

A

Distal to proximal.

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17
Q

How does evolution of control proceed?

A

Cranial to caudal and proximal to distal.

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18
Q

Timing for emphasis

A

Changing normal sequencing of motions to emphasize a particular motion or desired activity. Resist isometric or maintained contraction of the strong muscles which exercising the weaker muscles.

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19
Q

Rhythmic initiation

A

Rhythmic motion of the body part through the desired range, starting with passive motion and progressing to active resisted movement.

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20
Q

Goals of Rhythmic Initiation

A 
Aid in initiation of movement
Improve coordination, and sense of motion
Normalize rate of motion
Teach the motion
Help the patient relax
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21
Q

Combination of isotonics

A

Combined concentric, eccentric and stabilizing contraction of one group of muscles (agonists) w/o relaxation

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22
Q

Goals of Combination of isotonics

A 
Active control of motion
Increase coordination
Increase AROM
Strengthen
Functional training in eccentrics
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23
Q

Dynamic reversals

A

Active motion changing from one direction (agonist) to the opposite (antagonist) without pause or relaxation.

24
Q

Stabilizing reversals

A

Alternating isotonic contractions opposed by enough resistance to prevent motion.
Therapist allows very little motion to occur

25
Q

Rhythmic Stabilization

A

Alternating isometric contraction against resistance, no motion intended.

26
Q

Contract-Relax Direct

A

Resisted isotonic contraction [5-8 seconds] of the restricting muscles (antagonists) followed by relaxation and movement into the increased range.

27
Q

Contract-Relax Indirect

A

Contraction of the agonistic muscles followed by relaxation and movement into the increased range.

28
Q

Techniques to initiate movement

A

Rhythmic initiation

Repeated Stretch from beginning of range

29
Q

Techniques to learn a motion

A

Rhythmic initiation
Combination of isotonics
Repeated stretch

30
Q

Techniques to Increase Stability

A

Combination of Isotonics
Stabilizing Reversals
Rhythmic Stabilization

31
Q

Techniques to Change the rate of motion

A

Rhythmic initiation
Dynamic reversal
Repeated Stretch

32
Q

Techniques to increase coordination and control

A 
Rhythmic initiation
Combination of isotonics
Dynamic reversals
Stabilizing reversals
Rhythmic stabilization
Repeated stretch
33
Q

Techniques to increase endurance

A

Dynamic reversals
Stabilizing reversals
Rhythmic stabilization
Repeated stretch

34
Q

Techniques to promote relaxtion

A

Rhythmic initiation
Rhythmic stabilization
Hold-relax

35
Q

UE D1 Flexion

A 
Ending position: 
Shoulder - F, Add, ER
Forearm - supination
Wrist - flexion, RD
Finger - Flexion
Scap - ant elevation
36
Q

UE D1 Extension

A 
Ending position: 
Shoulder- Ext, IR, ABd
Forearm - pronation
Wrist/Fingers - extension, UD
Scap - post depression
37
Q

UE D2 Flexion

A 
Ending position - 
Shoulder: Flexion, Abd, ER
Forearm: supination
Wrist/Fingers: Extension, RD
Scap: post elevation
38
Q

UE D2 Extension

A 
Ending position - 
Shoulder: Extension, Adduction, IR
Forearm: Pronation
Wrist/Fingers: Flexion, UD
Scap: ant depression
39
Q

UE Pattern General Movements: ER is with forearm ____

A

Supination

40
Q

UE Pattern General Movements: IR is with forearm ____

A

Pronation

41
Q

UE Pattern General Movements: Extension of hand/wrist is with ___

A

Shoulder ABduction

42
Q

UE Pattern General Movements: Flexion of hand/wrist is with ___

A

Shoulder ADduction

43
Q

LE D1 Flexion

A 
"pull me in the boat"
Ending position:
Hip: Flexion, Adduction, ER
Ankle: DF, inv, 
Toe: extension
44
Q

LE D1 Extension

A

Ending position:
Hip: Extension, Abduction, IR
Ankle: PF, Eversion
Toe: Flexion

45
Q

LE D2 Flexion

A

Ending position:
Hip: flexion, ABduction, IR
Ankle: DF, ev
Toes: extension

46
Q

LE D2 Extension

A

Ending position:
Hip: extension, ADduction, ER
Ankle: PF, inv
Toes: flexion

47
Q

Scapular patterns

A

Anterior Elevation
Posterior Depression
Posterior Elevation
Anterior Depression (the pit pattern)

48
Q

Pelvic patterns

A

Ant elevation
Post depression
Ant depression (thru trochanter or knee)
Post elevation

49
Q

What are thrust patterns associated with?

A

Shoulder aDduction
Finger/Wrist/Elbow extension
Shoulder and forearm rotate opposite directions.

50
Q

Ulnar Thrust

A 
End position:
Scapular - Elevation 
Shoulder - Flexion, adduction, ER
Elbow: Extended
Forearm - Pronation
Wrist/Fingers - Extension, UD
51
Q

Ulnar withdrawl

A 
End position:
Scapular - Depression
Shoulder - Extension, IR, ABduction
Elbow: Flexed
Forearm - Supination 
Wrist/Fingers - Flexion, RD
52
Q

Radial Thrust

A 
End position:
Scapular - Anterior Depression
Shoulder - Extension, ADD, IR
Elbow - Extension 
Forearm - Supination
Wrist/Fingers - extension, RD
53
Q

Radial Withdrawl

A 
End position:
Scapular - Posterior Elevation ?
Shoulder - Flexion, ABD, ER
Elbow - Flexion 
Forearm - Pronation
Wrist/Fingers - Flexion, UD
54
Q

Symmetrical or Asymmetrical?

A 
Same pattern (D1 F bilat)
vs.
Different Patterns (D1 F, D2 F)
55
Q

Reciprocal or Not?

A

One Flexing while the other extends
vs.
Both flexing/extending together

NM PCM (6 decks)

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