PNF Flashcards

(55 cards)

1
Q

Afterdischarge

A

Effect of a stimulus continues after the stimulus stops. As strength/duration increase so does after-discharge.

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2
Q

Temporal Summation

A

Succession of weak stimuli occurring within a certain short period of time summate to cause excitation

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3
Q

Spatial Summation

A

Weak stimuli applied simultaneously to different areas of the body reinforce each other to cause excitation.

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4
Q

Irradiation

A

Spreading and increased strength of a response. Occurs when either the # or strength of a stimuli is increased. response may be excitation or inhibition. The spread of the response to stimulation.

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5
Q

Reciprocal Inhibition

A

Contraction of muscles is accompanied by simultaneous inhibition of their antagonists. Necessary for coordinated movement.

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6
Q

Reinforcement

A

Strengthen weaker muscles by altering resistance given to strong muscles.

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7
Q

Manual Contact

A

PT hand must be on SKIN. Apply pressure opposite the direction of motion. Don’t hold circumferentially.

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8
Q

When does the initial command come?

A

Immediately before the stretch reflex.

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9
Q

What can affect the strength of the contraction?

A

Volume/intensity of the command.

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10
Q

What are the three parts to a verbal command?

A

Preparation: Ready pt for action
Action: Tells pt to start action
Correction: tells pt how to correct the modify the action.

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11
Q

How does vision affect force?

A

Can promote a more powerful muscle contraction. Moving eyes will affect head/body motion. Eye contact with PT = communication.

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12
Q

How is traction used?

A

Stimulates joint receptors. Aid in elongation of muscle, facilitate motion, resist some part of the motion.

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13
Q

How is approximation used?

A

Promote stabilization, facilitate WB and contraction of antigravity muscles, resist some component of motion.

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14
Q

Stretch stimulus

A

Occurs when a muscle is elongated. “Wind up the limb” Lengthened muscle tension.

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15
Q

Stretch reflex

A

Elicited from muscles that are under tension, either from elongation or contraction. “quick stretch”

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16
Q

What is normal timing?

A

Distal to proximal.

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17
Q

How does evolution of control proceed?

A

Cranial to caudal and proximal to distal.

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18
Q

Timing for emphasis

A

Changing normal sequencing of motions to emphasize a particular motion or desired activity. Resist isometric or maintained contraction of the strong muscles which exercising the weaker muscles.

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19
Q

Rhythmic initiation

A

Rhythmic motion of the body part through the desired range, starting with passive motion and progressing to active resisted movement.

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20
Q

Goals of Rhythmic Initiation

A
Aid in initiation of movement
Improve coordination, and sense of motion
Normalize rate of motion
Teach the motion
Help the patient relax
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21
Q

Combination of isotonics

A

Combined concentric, eccentric and stabilizing contraction of one group of muscles (agonists) w/o relaxation

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22
Q

Goals of Combination of isotonics

A
Active control of motion
Increase coordination
Increase AROM
Strengthen
Functional training in eccentrics
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23
Q

Dynamic reversals

A

Active motion changing from one direction (agonist) to the opposite (antagonist) without pause or relaxation.

24
Q

Stabilizing reversals

A

Alternating isotonic contractions opposed by enough resistance to prevent motion.
Therapist allows very little motion to occur

25
Rhythmic Stabilization
Alternating isometric contraction against resistance, no motion intended.
26
Contract-Relax Direct
Resisted isotonic contraction [5-8 seconds] of the restricting muscles (antagonists) followed by relaxation and movement into the increased range.
27
Contract-Relax Indirect
Contraction of the agonistic muscles followed by relaxation and movement into the increased range.
28
Techniques to initiate movement
Rhythmic initiation | Repeated Stretch from beginning of range
29
Techniques to learn a motion
Rhythmic initiation Combination of isotonics Repeated stretch
30
Techniques to Increase Stability
Combination of Isotonics Stabilizing Reversals Rhythmic Stabilization
31
Techniques to Change the rate of motion
Rhythmic initiation Dynamic reversal Repeated Stretch
32
Techniques to increase coordination and control
``` Rhythmic initiation Combination of isotonics Dynamic reversals Stabilizing reversals Rhythmic stabilization Repeated stretch ```
33
Techniques to increase endurance
Dynamic reversals Stabilizing reversals Rhythmic stabilization Repeated stretch
34
Techniques to promote relaxtion
Rhythmic initiation Rhythmic stabilization Hold-relax
35
UE D1 Flexion
``` Ending position: Shoulder - F, Add, ER Forearm - supination Wrist - flexion, RD Finger - Flexion Scap - ant elevation ```
36
UE D1 Extension
``` Ending position: Shoulder- Ext, IR, ABd Forearm - pronation Wrist/Fingers - extension, UD Scap - post depression ```
37
UE D2 Flexion
``` Ending position - Shoulder: Flexion, Abd, ER Forearm: supination Wrist/Fingers: Extension, RD Scap: post elevation ```
38
UE D2 Extension
``` Ending position - Shoulder: Extension, Adduction, IR Forearm: Pronation Wrist/Fingers: Flexion, UD Scap: ant depression ```
39
UE Pattern General Movements: ER is with forearm ____
Supination
40
UE Pattern General Movements: IR is with forearm ____
Pronation
41
UE Pattern General Movements: Extension of hand/wrist is with ___
Shoulder ABduction
42
UE Pattern General Movements: Flexion of hand/wrist is with ___
Shoulder ADduction
43
LE D1 Flexion
``` "pull me in the boat" Ending position: Hip: Flexion, Adduction, ER Ankle: DF, inv, Toe: extension ```
44
LE D1 Extension
Ending position: Hip: Extension, Abduction, IR Ankle: PF, Eversion Toe: Flexion
45
LE D2 Flexion
Ending position: Hip: flexion, ABduction, IR Ankle: DF, ev Toes: extension
46
LE D2 Extension
Ending position: Hip: extension, ADduction, ER Ankle: PF, inv Toes: flexion
47
Scapular patterns
Anterior Elevation Posterior Depression Posterior Elevation Anterior Depression (the pit pattern)
48
Pelvic patterns
Ant elevation Post depression Ant depression (thru trochanter or knee) Post elevation
49
What are thrust patterns associated with?
Shoulder aDduction Finger/Wrist/Elbow extension Shoulder and forearm rotate opposite directions.
50
Ulnar Thrust
``` End position: Scapular - Elevation Shoulder - Flexion, adduction, ER Elbow: Extended Forearm - Pronation Wrist/Fingers - Extension, UD ```
51
Ulnar withdrawl
``` End position: Scapular - Depression Shoulder - Extension, IR, ABduction Elbow: Flexed Forearm - Supination Wrist/Fingers - Flexion, RD ```
52
Radial Thrust
``` End position: Scapular - Anterior Depression Shoulder - Extension, ADD, IR Elbow - Extension Forearm - Supination Wrist/Fingers - extension, RD ```
53
Radial Withdrawl
``` End position: Scapular - Posterior Elevation ? Shoulder - Flexion, ABD, ER Elbow - Flexion Forearm - Pronation Wrist/Fingers - Flexion, UD ```
54
Symmetrical or Asymmetrical?
``` Same pattern (D1 F bilat) vs. Different Patterns (D1 F, D2 F) ```
55
Reciprocal or Not?
One Flexing while the other extends vs. Both flexing/extending together