Pneumothorax Flashcards
1
Q
Pneumothorax
A
air in pleural space
2
Q
hemothorax
A
blood and fluid in the pleural cavity between the parietal and visceral pleurae
3
Q
pleural effusion
A
excess fluid in the pleural cavity
4
Q
Only way to treat pneumothorax
A
chest tube
5
Q
causes of gas entrance to pleural space-3
A
- perforation of visceral pleura
- perforation of chest wall and parietal pleura
- gas forming microorganisms in an empyema in the pleural space (rare)
6
Q
What can happen in severe cases of pneumothorax?
A
compression of great veins causing decreased venous return
7
Q
Pneumothorax s/s-8
A
- absent or decreased breath sounds on affected side
- decreased O2 sat
- subcutaneous emphysema
- sob and cough
- chest pain
- asymmetrical chest movement
- hypoxemia (tachycardia, hypertension, cyanosis)
- anxiety
8
Q
What is a tension pneumothorax?
A
one-way valve formed by an area of damaged tissue causing an increased amount of air in space between chest wall and lungs CAN BE FATAL
9
Q
Tension Pneumo Mediastinal Shift- 3
A
- high pressure pushes the heart and great vessels into unaffected side
- cannot expand to promote blood flow
- dramatic decrease in CO and BP
10
Q
Tension Pneumo s/s-7
A
- sudden sharp pleuritic chest pain
- worsening cough and breathing
- decreased or absent breath sounds
- subcutaneous emphysema
- decreased CO (increased CO, decreased BP)
- JVD, increased CVP (blood is reaching vena cava and cannot go anywhere)
- tracheal deviation/ mediastinal shift to unaffected side
