pneumonia

Question 1

agents of Atypical Pneumonia

Answer 1

Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Ureaplasma urealyticum, U. parvum ( extracell)
Chlamydia pneumoniae, C. trachomatis( Intracellular)

Question 2

characteristics of agents of Atypical Pneumonia

Answer 2

Fastidious
Lack peptidoglycan
gram stain not useful, ciliostasis
variable, insideous onset
spread is slow, slow growth of agent

Question 3

VAP agents

Answer 3

1. S. aureus.
2. S. pneumoniae.
3. H. influenzae.
4. P. aeruginosa.
5. Acinetobacter spp.
   6 enteric bacteria.

Question 4

factors of HCAP

Answer 4

a. they have been hospitalized for more than 48 hours in the last 3 months;
b. they have lived in a nursing home or long-term care facility for any duration of time in the last 3 months;
c. in the last month they received outpatient infusion therapy—and that can be antibiotics or chemotherapy—or they received home wound care;
d. any patient who has attended a hospital-based clinic or chronic hemodialysis center in the last 30 days;
e. any patients with a family member known to have a multidrug-resistant pathogen

Question 5

CAP pathogens

Answer 5

Streptococcus pneumoniae 
Mycoplasma, Chlamydia, Viruses 
Staphylococcus aureus
Klebsiella pneumoniae 
Haemophilus influenzae
 Legionella pneumophila
other gram-negative rods
unidentified agents

Question 6

HCA or HAP

Answer 6

Klebsiella pneumoniae 
Staphylococcus aureus
 Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
Acinetobacter sp 
Legionella pneumophila 
Streptococcus pneumoniae
other gram-negative rods
unidentified agents

Question 7

agents that can necrotize

Answer 7

S. aureus, P.aeruginosa, K. pneumonia , M. tuberculosis
the agents of systemic mycoses
Anaerobes most likely to necrotic