Pneumonia Flashcards
0
Q
Symptoms
A
Cough/purulent secretions
SOB
Fever if bacterial
Hemoptysis
1
Q
Diagnosing…
A
Sputum specimen-gram stain& culture&sensitivity Blood culture Thoracentesis Bronchoscopy BAL & mini BAL
2
Q
Clinical findings
A
hypoxia/cyanosis
Crackles/bronchial BS
dull to percussion
⬆️WBC
3
Q
X-rays
A
Consolidation Haziness Infiltrates Abscess Plueral effusion
4
Q
Bacterial causes
Gram➕. Anaerobic
Gram➖. Atypicle
A
Streptococcus
Staphylococcus Aureus
Haemophilus influenza
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Legionella
Mycoplasma pneumonia
Aspiration
5
Q
Viral causes
A
Influenza Rsv Parainfluenza Adenovirus Cytomegalovirus
6
Q
Tx:
Bacterial
Viral
Pcp
A
ABX
Not much except RSV=Ribaviron
Bactrim or pentamidine
7
Q
CAP basics
A
Infiltrate in radiograph
Elderly EOTH abuse COPD neurological problems
8
Q
Preventing CAP
A
Vaccinate- pneumococcus and flue vaccine
Quit smoking
9
Q
CAP tx
A
ABX
10
Q
VAP risk factors
A
Nasal intubation Sedatives Paralytics Supine Cuff below 20cmH2O Hyperglycemia Re intubation Tube feeding Blood transfusion
11
Q
Preventing VAP
A
Elevation 30-45° Sedation vacation Readiness for extubation Peptic ulcer prophylaxis Deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis
12
Q
Prevention of post op pneumonia
A
Lung expansion
Ambulate
ABX
Hand hygiene
13
Q
Most common bacterial pneumonia
A
Streptococcal
