Pneumonia Flashcards
What is pneumonia?
Inflammation of the substance of the lungs
Pneumonia can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi.
What are the common clinical presentations of pneumonia?
Acute illness with cough, purulent sputum, breathlessness, fever
Physical signs or radiological changes compatible with consolidation of the lung may also be present.
True or False: Pneumonia can only be caused by bacteria.
False
Pneumonia can also be caused by viruses and fungi.
Fill in the blank: Pneumonia is usually caused by _______.
bacteria
Other causative agents include viruses and fungi.
What are the physical signs or radiological changes in pneumonia?
Consolidation of the lung
This can be demonstrated through imaging studies.
What is community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)?
Pneumonia contracted by a person with no underlying immunosuppression or malignancy
CAP typically occurs outside of a hospital setting.
What defines hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP)?
Pneumonia acquired in a hospital or other institution such as a nursing home
HAP is often associated with more severe pathogens due to the healthcare environment.
What factors can lead to compromised immune systems in patients at risk for pneumonia?
Factors include:
* Genetic defect
* Immunosuppressive medication
* Acquired immunodeficiency such as HIV infection
These factors increase susceptibility to infections, including pneumonia.
True or False: Community-acquired pneumonia can occur in individuals with underlying health conditions.
False
CAP is specifically defined for individuals without underlying immunosuppression or malignancy.
Fill in the blank: Pneumonia is usually classified by the _______ in which the person has contracted their infection.
[setting]
The classification includes community, hospital, and immunocompromised settings.
