Pneumoni

Question 1

What is the leading infectious cause of death in industrialized nations?
A) Influenza
B) Tuberculosis
C) Pneumonia
D) COVID-19

Answer 1

Correct Answer: C) Pneumonia

Question 2

Which of the following pathogens is the most common cause of community-acquired pneumonia?
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae
C) Legionella pneumophila
D) Haemophilus influenzae

Answer 2

Correct Answer: B) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 3

What is the most likely route of transmission for pneumonia?

A) Fecal-oral
B) Bloodborne
C) Airborne
D) Vector-borne

Answer 3

Correct Answer: C) Airborne

Question 4

Which type of pneumonia manifests with sudden onset of malaise, fever, and productive cough?

A) Atypical pneumonia
B) Aspiration pneumonia
C) Typical pneumonia
D) Lobar pneumonia

Answer 4

Correct Answer: C) Typical pneumonia

Question 5

What is the primary diagnostic tool for pneumonia?
A) Ultrasound
B) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
C) Chest X-ray
D) Computed Tomography (CT) scan

Answer 5

Correct Answer: C) Chest X-ray

Question 6

Which population is most at risk for pneumonia due to impaired airway protection?

A) Children
B) Elderly individuals
C) Young adults
D) Pregnant women

Answer 6

Correct Answer: B) Elderly individuals

Question 7

Which pathogen is NOT commonly associated with atypical pneumonia?

A) Legionella pneumophila
B) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Chlamydophila pneumoniae

Answer 7

Correct Answer: C) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 8

What is the first-line treatment for outpatient community-acquired pneumonia in a previously healthy adult without comorbidities?

A) Amoxicillin
B) Ciprofloxacin
C) Vancomycin
D) Azithromycin

Answer 8

Correct Answer: A) Amoxicillin

Question 9

Which score is used to assess the severity of pneumonia and decide whether hospitalization is necessary?

A) APACHE II score
B) CURB-65 score
C) Glasgow Coma Scale
D) Ranson’s criteria

Answer 9

Correct Answer: B) CURB-65 score

Question 10

Card 10
What is the most common route of infection for aspiration pneumonia?

A) Ingestion of contaminated food
B) Inhalation of airborne pathogens
C) Oropharyngeal secretions entering the respiratory tract
D) Direct contact with an infected person

Answer 10

Correct Answer: C) Oropharyngeal secretions entering the respiratory tract

Question 11

What is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia?

Answer 11

Answer: Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for community-acquired pneumonia.

Question 12

Which population is at higher risk of developing pneumonia?

Answer 12

Answer: Infants, young children, elderly individuals, and people with weakened immune systems are at higher risk of developing pneumonia.

Question 13

What is the term for pneumonia that occurs outside of the hospital setting?

Answer 13

Answer: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the term for pneumonia that occurs outside of the hospital setting.

Question 14

What is the significance of Gram staining in pneumonia diagnosis?

Answer 14

Answer: Gram staining helps identify the type of bacteria causing pneumonia. Gram-positive bacteria stain purple, while Gram-negative bacteria stain pink.

Question 15

What is Legionnaires’ disease?

Answer 15

Answer: Legionnaires’ disease is a severe form of pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila, a bacteria found in water sources.

Question 16

What are some common viruses that can cause pneumonia?

Answer 16

Answer: Common viruses causing pneumonia include influenza, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and adenovirus.

Question 17

What is the treatment for viral pneumonia?

Answer 17

Answer: Treatment for viral pneumonia includes antiviral medications, rest, and supportive care to relieve symptoms.

Question 18

How can pneumonia be prevented?

Answer 18

Answer: Pneumonia can be prevented through vaccination, practicing good hygiene, avoiding smoking, and staying away from infected individuals.

Question 19

What is the difference between lobar pneumonia and bronchopneumonia?

Answer 19

Answer: Lobar pneumonia affects an entire lobe of the lung, while bronchopneumonia is scattered patchy inflammation around the bronchi and bronchioles.

Question 20

What is the role of alveoli in pneumonia?

Answer 20

Answer: In pneumonia, the alveoli, which are small air sacs in the lungs, fill with pus and other liquid, making it difficult to breathe and leading to symptoms like cough and chest pain.