PN study deck Flashcards
Henderson’s nursing theory
- Developed 14 basic needs of the PT that nurses use to define their role, assist the PT to contribute to health or recovery same as they would perform unaided if he had the strength or knowledge
- Created the 1st catalogue of nursing literature
Orem’s nursing theory
Self-Care Deficit Theory
3 interrelated theories:
Theory of Self-Care
Theory of Self-Care deficits
Theory of Nursing Systems
Focuses on designing nursing actions so that people can meet their care needs
The nurse prescribes and regulates the system based on the patient’s self-care deficit
Uses a process of assessment, relationship building, education and intervention to support self-care
Roy’s nursing theory
Adaptation Model
Systems model focuses on how people adapt to situations, particularly illness
Nurses/Nursing promotes the patient’s adaptation and coping to achieve a health goal
Effective coping promotes the integrity of the individual
Martha Rogers
Unitary Human Beings Model
Based on physics and uses systems theory
Thought of humans as dynamic energy fields that interact with the environment
Complex theory that focuses on the total experience of health and care continuum of care is more important than episodes of care
A group of theorists and practitioners , known as Rogerians, continue to refine these ideas
Credited with developing the first PhD program in NURSING founded at NYU ; Dean of the NYU School of Nursing
Peplau
Interpersonal Relations Model
Defines the relationship of the nurse and the patient
Focus on understanding the patient so to promote healthy behavior
Nurse and patient are viewed as a pair/dyad
Interpersonal relationships promote
1) patient’s survival
2) patient’s understanding of their health and behaviors to maintain health
legislative branch of government is responsible for
enacting the laws of the state and appropriating the money necessary to operate the government
executive branch
responsible for implementing and administering the public policy enacted and funded by the legislative branch
judicial branch
responsible for INTERPRETING the constitution and laws and applying their interpretations to controversies brought before it
TRUE OR FALSE
Research is the same as problem solving
FALSE
problem solving is specific to a given situation and is designed for immediate action, whereas research is generalizable to other situations and deals w/ long-term solutions rather than immediate ones
studies taht build on previous work increase nursing knowledge and are more likely to receive what?
funding
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which is the most basic level of need? Love and belonging Physiologic survival Safety and security Self-actualization Self-esteem
physiologic survival
When a patient believes he can help control his cardiac condition by power-walking through his near-by national park, he is utilizing a health belief based on: Internal locus of control External locus of control Neither one Both
internal locus of control
Which of the following is the ultimate goal of nursing theory? To contribute to professional autonomy To update existing theories To provide a practice framework To support excellence in practice
to support excellence in practice
According to Peplau, the most important of the six roles for a nurse to use in helping the patient achieve personal growth is determined by which one of the following?
The ability of the nurse to create an interpersonal relationship
The amount of direct patient-care experience the nurse has
The setting of the patient-nurse interaction
The philosophical basis that is the foundation of the nurse’s practice
the setting of the patient-nurse interaction
Sound nursing theory provides both a systematic way of thinking and the tools to challenge conventional views.
1. True 2. False
true
Recently, an increase in the number of nursing organizations nationwide has prompted an increase in membership for nurses, with approximately 30% of nurses belonging to at least one organization.
True
False
FALSE (
Because regulations developed from legislation can change from time to time to affect nursing practice, nurses need to do what? (Select all that apply.)
Keep license valid to maintain a large population of nurses
Be active in politics to help prevent regulations from negatively impacting nursing
Monitor own state’s nurse practice act to keep track of regulations that impact personal practice
Be knowledgeable about the specific contents of own state’s scope of practice for nursing
Be active in politics to help prevent regulations from negatively impacting nursing
Monitor own state’s nurse practice act to keep track of regulations that impact personal practice
Be knowledgeable about the specific contents of own state’s scope of practice for nursing
what is a magnet hospital
A hospital that satisfies a set of criteria designed to measure the strength and quality of their nursing. The American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) accredits them. The original Magnet Hospitals known as “good places” to work because of high job satisfaction and low turnover rate. It’s costly: you have to pay for accreditation.
Six Sigma
Motorola
-Statistical notation used to measure variation from the mean and eliminate errors and reduce any variations
LEAN
from toyota.
Standardization. Plan-do-study-act improvement cycle
Clinical microsystems
smallest replicable unit of service focusing on specific populations
Quality Improvement
systems approach, involving people at all levels.
Use statistical analysis to guide improvements
Traditionalists (1900-1945)
“no news is good news”
Baby boomers (1946-1964)
“feedback once a year, with lots of documentation”
Generation X (1965-1980)
“sorry to interrupt, but how am I doing?”
Generation Y (1981-1999)
“feedback whenever i want it at the push of a button”
Ex of social insurance programs
medicare
Ex of “means-tested programs”
medicaid
What is Medicare?
A health insurance program for:
- People 65 years of age and older
- People under age 65 with certain disabilities
- People with End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD)
Administered by Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)
3 parts of mediCARE
Part A: hospital insurance
Part B: medical insurance
Part D: Prescription drug coverage
What is medicaid?
Health insurance program for individuals and families with low income and limited resources (means-tested)
Paid for, and managed by federal and state governments jointly
Pays for most medical care
Payer of last resort
Affordable Care Act (ACA) Medicaid Expansion
New Adult Medicaid Program for individuals who meet the following requirements:
- age 19-64
- Does not qualify for existing Medicaid programs
- income less than 133% of the Federal Poverty Level (FPL)
- Citizen or qualified non-citizen
- No asset/resource test
what is risk aversion
the behavior of humans , when exposed to uncertainty, to attempt to reduce that uncertainty.
It is the reluctance of a person to accept a bargain with an uncertain payoff rather than another bargain with a more certain, but possibly lower, expected payoff.
Individual mandate
The Affordable Care Act requires all US citizens and legal residents to have qualifying health care coverage or pay a tax penalty.
Penalty in 2016 will be $695 per adult!
HMOs (health maintenance organizations)
individuals must seek care from IN-NETWORK PROVIDERS ONLY
This is usually cheaper for out of pocket expenses
PPO (preferred provider organization)
more freedom to choose your doctor but higher costs for using non-preferred providers who aren’t on “the list”
Virginia Henderson
“ The unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, on performance of these activities contributing to health or its recovery (or peaceful death) that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength or knowledge.”
PTs are individuals who require help towards achieving independence and wholeness of mind and body
Developed 14 basic needs of the patient that nurses use to define their role, assist the patient/client over time
The 14 needs include physical, psychological, emotional, social, spiritual, and developmental needs.
In addition to her theory, Henderson created the first catalogue of nursing literature published between 1900-1954
“Mother” of modern psychiatric nursing
Hildegard Peplau
diversion
the transfer of a controlled substance from a lawful to an unlawful channel of distribution or use
compassion fatigue
combination of physical, emotional, and spiritual depletion associated with caring for patients in significant emotional pain and physical distress
