PN Part 2

Question 1

Adaptation is

Answer 1

change in sensitivity in the presence of a constant stimulus

Question 2

During adaptations, receptor membranes —

Answer 2

become less responsive

Question 3

Phasic (fast-adapting) receptors signal…

Answer 3

the beginning and end of a stimulus

Question 4

Tonic receptors adapt …

Answer 4

slowing or not at all

Question 5

Identification of the sensation depends on the specific location of the ____ in the sensory cortex

Answer 5

target neurons

Question 6

Perceptual detection—

Answer 6

ability to detect a stimulus (requires summation of impulses)

Question 7

Magnitude estimation—

Answer 7

intensity is coded in the frequency of impulses

Question 8

Spatial discrimination—

Answer 8

identifying the site or pattern of the stimulus (studied by the two-point discrimination test)

Question 9

Feature abstraction—

Answer 9

identification of more complex aspects and several stimulus properties

Question 10

Quality discrimination—

Answer 10

the ability to identify submodalities of a sensation (e.g., sweet or sour tastes)

Question 11

Pattern recognition—

Answer 11

recognition of familiar or significant patterns in stimuli (e.g., the melody in a piece of music)

Question 12

Pattern recognition, quality discrimination, and feature abstraction are all aspects of __

Answer 12

Sensory perception

Question 13

A nerve is a ___

Answer 13

Cordlike organ of the PNS

Question 14

loose connective tissue that encloses axons and their myelin sheaths

Answer 14

Endoneurium

Question 15

coarse connective tissue that bundles fibers into fascicles

Answer 15

Perineurium

Question 16

tough fibrous sheath around a nerve

Answer 16

Epineurium

Question 17

Four classification of spinal nerves

Answer 17

Sensory, special sensory, motor, mixed

Question 18

All spinal nerves are ____ nerves.

Answer 18

Mixed

Question 19

Dorsal root is —

Answer 19

sensory only

Question 20

Ventral root is —

Answer 20

motor only

Question 21

Dorsal root ganglia contains the ____ of all nerve fibers in the dorsal root

Answer 21

cell bodies

Question 22

Autonomic motor endings and visceral effectors are ____ than somatic junctions

Answer 22

simpler

Question 23

Acetylcholine and norepinephrine act indirectly via ________.

Answer 23

second messengers

Question 24

Visceral motor responses are _____ than somatic responses.

Answer 24

slower

Question 25

Levels of motor control

Answer 25

* Segmental level * Projection level * Precommand level (SPP)

Question 26

Segmental level of motor control

Answer 26

Controls locomotion and specific, patterned

Question 27

Projection level of motor control contains regions of:

Answer 27

upper motor neurons, areas of the brain stem

Question 28

Projection motor pathways keep ______ informed of what is happening.

Answer 28

higher command levels

Question 29

Precommand level of motor control contains regions of:

Answer 29

cerebellum and basal nuclei

Question 30

A reflex is ___

Answer 30

A rapid, predictable motor response to a stimulus

Question 31

Are reflexes mediated or voluntary?

Answer 31

NO

Question 32

Innate reflexes

Answer 32

are genetically formed in the womb

Question 33

Acquired reflexes

Answer 33

are learned over time