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medtech first yr > PMTP 1 > Flashcards

PMTP 1 Flashcards

1
Q

application of the principles of natural, physical, and biological sciences to the
performance of laboratory procedures which aid in the diagnosis and treatment of
diseases.

A

Ruth Heinmann

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2
Q

branch of medicine concerned with the performance of laboratory determinations and analyses used in the diagnosis and treatment of disease and the maintenance of health

A

Anne Fagelson

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3
Q

an auxiliary branch of laboratory medicine which deals with the examination of tissues, secretion, and excretion of the human body and body fluids

A

RA 5277

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4
Q

practice of performing laboratory procedures for analysis which will aid in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases

A

Medical Technology

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5
Q

law that permitted the profession of being a medical technologist

A

RA 5527

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6
Q

day where ra 5527 was signed and approved

A

June 21, 1969

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7
Q

act of isolating the organisms; to cultivate bacteria

A

culture

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8
Q

can determine chemical components of urine with values

A

reagent strip

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9
Q

facility that performs chemical and microscopic examinations of various body fluids

A

Clinical Laboratory

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10
Q

ranking of laboratory staff

A

medical tech —> medtech —> pathologist

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11
Q

head of the clinical lab; confirms and validates results

A

Pathologist

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12
Q

medical detectives
operate on machines and troubleshoot
performs examinations
works under pressure
must be accurate and precise
adhere to ethical standards of performance

A

roles of a medical technologist

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13
Q

organization for medical technology students and public health students

A

Philippine Association of schools of Medical
Technology and Public Health, inc. (PASMETH)

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14
Q

only professional organization accredited by the PRC

A

PAMETH

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15
Q

described the four humors; father of medicine

A

Hippocrates

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16
Q

four humors

A

blood, phlegm yellow bile, black bile

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17
Q

oldest laboratory procedure

A

urinalysis

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18
Q

what did hindu physicians record?

A

sweet taste of diabetic urine and polyuria in diabetes

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19
Q

identified taenia and ascaris

A

vivian herrick

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20
Q

tapeworm

A

taenia

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21
Q

white worm

A

ascaris

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22
Q

lumbricoides

A

round worm

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23
Q

oldest persevered egyptian compilation of medical texts

A

ebers papyrus

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24
Q

number of pages in the ebers papyrus

A

110

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25
Q

introduced gravimetric analysis of urine using a 24-hour urine specimen

A

jean baptise van helmont

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26
Q

presented a test for the detection of protein based on boiling of specimen in the presence of acetic acid

A

frederick dekkers

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27
Q

first to describe red blood cells, protozoa, and classified bacteria according to shape; invented single lensed microscope

A

anton van leeuwenhoek

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28
Q

founder of pathology; contributed to embryology and anatomy

A

marcelo malphigi

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29
Q

german physician; founder of cellular pathology; stressed that most diseases come from the dysfunction of cells

A

rudolph virchow

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30
Q

era of public health

A

19th century

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31
Q

showed cholera was waterborne and brought the situation under control

A

john snow

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32
Q

discovered concept of anaerobic and aerobic; pasteurization; vaccine against anthrax

A

louis pasteur

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33
Q

performed first quantitative test for urine sugar (Fehling’s test)

A

hermann van fehling

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34
Q

used as a chemical test to differentiate between water-soluble aldehyde and ketone functional groups; used to screen glucose in urine (diabetes)

A

fehling’s test

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35
Q

further developed method of staining bacteria (gram stain)

A

hans christian joachim gram

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36
Q

created the method of gram staining

A

paul ehrlich

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37
Q

what did ehrlich use to stain cells

A

adline water and gentian violet

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38
Q

used as primary stain in gram staining

A

crystal violet

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39
Q

used as mordant in gram staining

A

iodine solution

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40
Q

used as decolorizer in gram staining

A

ethanol

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41
Q

first professor of pathology at john hopkins university; established a laboratory in bellevue hospital

A

dr william h welch

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42
Q

opened first clinical laboratory at john hopkins university

A

dr william osler

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43
Q

wrote “A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis”

A

dr james c todd

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44
Q

edited and retitled “A Manual of Clinical Diagnosis” to Clinical Diagnosis and
Management by Laboratory Methods

A

john bernard henry

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45
Q

year the law requiring all hospitals to be equipped with adequate laboratory passed by pennsylvania state legislature

A

1915

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46
Q

offered medical technology as a degree program

A

university of minnesota

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47
Q

year medtech was offered as a course in the us

A

1923

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48
Q

closed system of blood was created; advanced instrumentation; automated equipment

A

world war II

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49
Q

month and year when training of high school graduates as laboratory technicians started

A

feb 1945

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50
Q

when was the first clinical laboratory created

A

january 9, 1945

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51
Q

who made the first clinical laboratory

A

26th medical infantry of the 6th us army

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52
Q

address of the first clinical laboratory

A

208 Quiricada st., sta. cruz, manila

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53
Q

current name of the first clinical laboratory

A

manila public health laboratory

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54
Q

recognized the 26th medical laboratory

A

dr pio de roda

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55
Q

first city health officer of manila

A

mr mariano icasiano

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56
Q

year training for high school and paramedical graduates was offered

A

1947

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57
Q

year medtech became a course in the philippines

A

1954

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58
Q

helped in the efforts of making medtech a course

A

pio de roda
prudencia sta ana
brioner

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59
Q

first graduate of PUC

A

dr jesse umali

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60
Q

first ph school to offer medtech as a 4-year course

A

philippine union college (PUC)

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61
Q

american med practicioner of the seventh day adventist church and founder of medtech education in the philippines

A

mrs. willa hilgert-hedrick

62
Q

offered MT as an elective to pharmacy students

A

dr. antonio gabariel and dr. gustavo reyes

63
Q

date MT was recognized as a course

A

june 14, 1961

64
Q

date and year permist for internship for MT was issued

A

june 1960

65
Q

offered MT as a separate course in UST

A

rev. fr. lorenzo rodriguez, op

66
Q

old curriculum ched memorandum order for CMO

A

cmo no. 14 s. 2006

67
Q

Guidelines for the Accreditation of Clinical
Laboratories Involved in the training of MLS/MT Interns memorandum

A

CMO no.6 s. 2008

68
Q

Policy standards to enhance quality assurance in Philippine higher education through and OUTCOMES-BASED and TYPOLOGY BASED QA

A

CMO no.46 s. 2012

69
Q

new curriculum ched memorandum order

A

CMO no.13 s. 2017

70
Q

duration of internship in the old curriculum

A

6 months

71
Q

total units for medical technology

A

173 units

72
Q

number of hours for internship

A

1664

73
Q

number of hours for first year to third year mt students

A

1728

74
Q

clinical laboratory law

A

RA 4688

75
Q

date RA 4688 was approved

A

june 18, 1966

76
Q

laboratory operated and maintained by the national/local government or any political unit

A

government owned

77
Q

laboratory operated by any individual corporation, association, or organization

A

private-owned

78
Q

laboratory that includes Clinical Chemistry,
Hematology, Immunohematology, Microbiology, Immunology, Clinical Microscopy,
Endocrinology, Molecular Biology, Cytogenetics,
Toxicology and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and other similar disciplines

A

clinical pathology

79
Q

laboratory that includes Surgical Pathology, lmmunohistopathology, Cytology, Autopsy, Forensic Pathology and Molecular Pathology

A

anatomic pathology

80
Q

laboratory that deals with the analysis of certain genes, proteins and other molecules in the samples from organs, tissues, or bodily fluids in order to diagnose disease and/ or to guide the prevention and treatment of diseases

A

molecular pathology

81
Q

laboratory that operates within the premises and as part of an institution

A

institution-based

82
Q

laboratory that isnt part of an institution

A

free-standing

83
Q

laboratory that offers primary, secondary, tertiary, and limited service capability services

A

general clinical laboratory

84
Q

offers highly specialized laboratory services that are not usually provided by a gcl

A

special clinical laboratory

85
Q

level of clinical laboratory that offers the ff:

Clinical Microscopy
▪ Urinalysis
▪ Fecalysis
▪ Fecal Occult Blood Test
▪ Pregnancy Test (Rapid Test Kits-Lateral Flow)
▪ Wet Smear for Trichomonas

Clinical Chemistry
▪ Fasting and Random Blood Sugar
▪ Oral Glucose Tolerance Test
▪ Lipid Profile (Total Cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Triglycerides)
▪ Blood Urea Nitrogen
▪ Blood Uric Acid

Hematology
▪ Complete Blood Count (Hemoglobin, Hematocrit, RBC Count, WBC Count, Differential Count, Quantitative Platelet Count)
▪ Forward and Reverse ABO Grouping and Rh Typing

Serology/Immunology
▪ Dengue
▪ Syphilis
▪ Hepatitis B Screening
▪ HIV Screening
(Rapid test kits)

Microbiology
▪ TB (DSSM) or
nucleic acid
amplification – for
government
facilities

A

Primary

86
Q

level that offers all primary and:

Clinical Chemistry
▪ Serum Electrolytes
(Na, K, C)
▪ ALT
▪ AST
Hematology (For hospital-
based)
▪ Coagulation Studies
(PT, aPTT)
Microbiology
▪ Gram Stain
▪ KOH
Anatomic Pathology
▪ Pap Smear

A

Secondary

87
Q

level that offers primary and secondary and:

Clinical Chemistry
▪ Other Clinical Chemistry Examinations
▪ Hospital based: Arterial Blood gases
Serology-Immunology
▪ Any machine-based serological and
immunological testing such as, but not limited to: Tumor markers, thyroid function
tests and hepatitis profile

Microbiology
▪ Culture and sensitivity (aerobic and anaerobic)

Anatomic Pathology
▪ For hospital-based:
Cytology and
Histopathology

A

tertiary

88
Q

provides laboratory tests required for a particular service in institutions such as dialysis centers and social hygiene centers

A

limited service capability laboratory

89
Q

laboratory responsible for

  1. Confirmatory testing
  2. Surveillance
  3. Resolution of conflicting results
  4. Training and research
  5. Evaluation of diagnostic kits and
    reagents
  6. Maintain the National External
    Quality Assessment Scheme
    (NEQAS)
A

national reference laboratory

90
Q

NRL for infections, microbiology, parasitology, and confirmatory testing for blood donors

A

Research institute for tropical medicine

91
Q

NRL for HIV and AIDS

A

San Lazaro Hospital STD-AIDS Cooperative Center Laboratory (SACCL)

92
Q

NRL for toxicology, environmental and occupational health, micronutrient assay

A

East avenue medical center

93
Q

NRL for hematology, immunohematology, immunopathology, automated urinalysis, anatomic pathology for renal diseases and other

A

national kidney and transplant institute

94
Q

NRL for clinical chemistry

A

lung center of the philippines

95
Q

permanent testing site owned by a licensed laboratory but situated in a location some distance from the main laboratory

A

satellite testing sites

96
Q

temporary testing location and operates within 10-km radius of the main lab

A

mobile clinical laboratories

97
Q

criteria for renewal of license

A

satisfactory performance rating

98
Q

basis for suspension or revocation of license

A

refusal to participate in EQAS NRL

99
Q

how long are specimen files kept

A

1 yr old

100
Q

how long are anatomic and forensic pathology files kept

A

permanent

101
Q

min. working area space for primary

A

10 sq m

102
Q

min. working area space for secondary

A

20 sq m

103
Q

min. working area space for tertiary

A

60 sq m

104
Q

improve access to quality diagnostic testing

A

laboratory information management system (LIMS)

105
Q

phase of laboratory testing which occurs first and does: patient preparation, test ordering, specimen collection, processing, transport

A

pre-analytical phase

106
Q

peaks 4-6am lowest 8pm-12am

A

cortisol

107
Q

lower at night higher standing than supine

A

plasma renin activity

108
Q

lower at night increased with stress

A

adrenocorticotropic hormone

109
Q

lower at night

A

aldosterone and insulin

110
Q

higher in afternoon and evening

A

growth hormone and acid phosphate

111
Q

increases with exercise

A

thyroxine

112
Q

higher with stress higher levels at 4am 8am 8pm and 10pm

A

prolactin

113
Q

peaks early to late morning decreases to 30% during the day

A

iron

114
Q

4% decrease supine

A

calcium

115
Q

system for specimen transport to the laboratory

A

pneumatic tube transport of specimen

116
Q

actual laboratory testing phase

A

analytical phase

117
Q

Measures transmitted light by the analyte in solution

A

spectrophotometer

118
Q

measurement of light scattered by a paniculate solution

A

nephelometry

119
Q

measures light blocked as a decrease in the light transmitted through the solution

A

turbidimetry

120
Q

Measures multiple properties of cells suspended in moving fluid medium; Used to count and sort cells as well as viral particles, DNA fragments, bacteria, and latex beads; uses laser light source

A

flow cytometry

121
Q

90 degree scatter of light refers to

A

cell granularity

122
Q

Technique where solutes in a sample
are separated for identification
based on physical differences that
allow their differential distribution
between a mobile phase and a
stationary phase

A

chromatography

123
Q

inert gas or liquid

A

mobile phase

124
Q

silica gel bound to a glass plate or plastic sheet

A

stationary phase

125
Q

The stationary phase may be silica
gel that is coated onto a solid
surface such as a glass plate or
plastic sheet

A

thin layer chomatography

126
Q

technique used to separate volatile solutes

A

gas-liquid chromatography (GLC)

127
Q

other type of chromatography

A

high-performance liquid chromatography

128
Q

uses the principle of charged particles moving through a magnetic or electric field, with ions
being separated from other charged particles according to their mass-to-charge ratios; used for identifying drugs, amino acid composition of proteins, and steroids

A

mass spectrometry

129
Q

based on light refraction

A

refractometry

130
Q

ability of a substance to bend light; measured as difference between angle of incidence and angle of refraction

A

refractivity

131
Q

hormone sensitive to light

A

ethylene auxin gibberlins

132
Q

measurement of the osmolality of an aqueous solution

A

osmometry

133
Q

measurement of the current or voltage generated by the activity of specific ions

A

electrochemistry

134
Q

measurement of potential (voltage)

A

potentiometry

135
Q

measures quantity of electricity (coulombs)

A

coulometry

136
Q

measure of resulting current

A

voltammetry

137
Q

measurement of current flow produced by oxidation-reduction reaction

A

amperometry

138
Q

Separation of charged compounds based on their electrical charge; Used almost always to separate the proteins in serum, urine, and other body fluids (mainly cerebrospinal
fluid)

A

electrophoresis

139
Q

flow of ions in electrophoresis

A

cations (+) to cathode (-)
anions (-) to anode (+)

140
Q

technique used to quantitate the level of radioactive emissions from radiolabeled compounds

A

scintillation counter

141
Q

test that uses antibody-antigen reaction

A

immunoassays

142
Q

unlabeled immunoassay that involves combining soluble antigen with soluble antibody to produce insoluble complexes that are visible

A

precipitation reactions

143
Q

unlabeled immunoassay where particulates antigens aggregate to form a larger complexes when a specific antibody is present

A

agglutination reaction

144
Q

labelled immunoassay with radioactive substance (125I)

A

radioimmunoassay (RIA)

145
Q

labelled immunoassay with enzymes (horseradish peroxidase)

A

enzyme immunoassay (EIA)

146
Q

labelled immunoassay with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)

A

fluorescence immunoassay (FIA)

147
Q

labelled immunoassay with luminol compounds

A

chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA)

148
Q

process to periodically examine a
measurement procedure to verify that it is performing according to pre-established specifications

A

quality control

149
Q

comparing current test result by comparing a patient’s current test result to a previous result for the same analyte to identify lab errors

A

delta check

150
Q

phase that includes the following:
o Review and analysis of results
o Recording and reporting of test results
o Storage and disposal of specimen
o Releasing of results
o Responsible personnel: MT, Section Supervisor, Chief MT, office clerk, or staff

A

post-analytic phase

medtech first yr (1 decks)

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