PMLS2 _ VENIPUNCTURE

Question 1

What is the process of collecting or ‘drawing’ blood from a vein called?

Answer 1

Venipuncture

Question 2

What are the most common methods of blood collection?

Answer 2

• Syringe method
• Evacuated tube system
• Butterfly syringe

Question 3

What is the first step in blood collection?

Answer 3

Review and accession test request

Question 4

What should be verified before proceeding with blood collection?

Answer 4

• Diet restrictions
• Latex sensitivity

Question 5

What is the purpose of sanitizing hands during venipuncture?

Answer 5

Prevent spread of disease and protect patient

Question 6

When applying a tourniquet, how long should it be left on?

Answer 6

Not longer than 1 minute

Question 7

How should a vein be selected for venipuncture?

Answer 7

Select the most prominent vein

Question 8

What is the proper angle for inserting the needle during venipuncture?

Answer 8

15-30 degrees with the skin

Question 9

What is the order of draw for blood collection tubes?

Answer 9

• Sterile blood culture tubes - Yellow
• Coagulation tubes - Light blue
• Serum tube/Plain tube - Red
• Heparin tube - Green
• EDTA tube - Lavender/Purple
• Anti-glycolytic tube/Fluoride - Gray

Question 10

What must be done immediately after withdrawing the needle?

Answer 10

Hold a dry cotton or gauze pad over the site

Question 11

What should be done with the needle and tube holder after use?

Answer 11

Discard as a single unit

Question 12

What is the purpose of the accession number on the test request form?

Answer 12

To identify all paperwork and supplies associated with each patient

Question 13

What should a phlebotomist verify on the test request form?

Answer 13

• All required information is present
• Tests to be collected
• Time and date of collection

Question 14

True or False: The patient’s consent is not necessary before performing venipuncture.

Answer 14

False

Question 15

What are the steps for patient identification during blood collection?

Answer 15

• Ask for full name and DOB
• Check ID bracelets
• Confirm ID band information

Question 16

Fill in the blank: The most common diet restriction before blood collection is _______.

Answer 16

fasting (8-12 hrs)

Question 17

What should be done if a suitable vein cannot be found?

Answer 17

• Massage the arm
• Wrap a warm, wet towel around the arm

Question 18

What is the purpose of cleaning and air-drying the site before venipuncture?

Answer 18

To disinfect the site for puncture

Question 19

What should be done with contaminated materials after blood collection?

Answer 19

Dispose of contaminated materials properly

Question 20

What is the significance of using a three-way ID verification method?

Answer 20

To ensure accurate patient identification before collection

Question 21

What is the recommended action if there are discrepancies in patient ID?

Answer 21

Notify the nurse

Question 22

What should be done immediately after filling the collection tubes?

Answer 22

Label tubes

Question 23

What is the recommended way to recap a needle after use?

Answer 23

Do not recap with both hands

Question 24

What is the purpose of bar coding in laboratory testing?

Answer 24

To label test samples clearly and automate patient record entry

Bar coding speeds up computer entry of results and eliminates clerical errors.

Question 25

What should be done with used materials after venipuncture?

Answer 25

Dispose of the used materials: Needle, cottons, syringe ## Footnote Proper disposal is essential for safety and hygiene.

Question 26

What is hemoconcentration?

Answer 26

Increase in the number of formed elements in the blood ## Footnote It is an immediate local complication of venipuncture.

Question 27

What are some causes of failure of blood to enter the syringe?

Answer 27

Excessive pull of plunger, piercing the other pole of the vein, transfixation of vein, incorrect bevel position, absence of vacuum ## Footnote These factors can lead to unsuccessful venipuncture.

Question 28

What is a hematoma?

Answer 28

Product of blood escaping from the punctured vein into surrounding tissue ## Footnote It can occur due to fragile veins or improper technique.

Question 29

What is the remedy for a hematoma?

Answer 29

Ice applied in the first 24 hours; warm compress after 24 hours ## Footnote This treatment helps reduce swelling and discomfort.

Question 30

What is thrombosis?

Answer 30

Abnormal vascular condition with thrombus development within the blood vessel ## Footnote It is a late local complication of venipuncture.

Question 31

What is syncope?

Answer 31

Transient loss of consciousness due to lack of oxygen in the brain ## Footnote It can occur as an immediate general complication during venipuncture.

Question 32

What is the recommended remedy for a patient experiencing syncope?

Answer 32

Use ammonia, enhance circulation, and position the patient with head lowered ## Footnote These measures help restore blood flow to the brain.

Question 33

What are some late general complications of venipuncture?

Answer 33

Hepatitis, AIDS, anemia, nerve injury, pain, nausea, diabetic shock, convulsions, skin allergies ## Footnote These complications can arise after the venipuncture procedure.

Question 34

What is hemolysis?

Answer 34

Breaking or rupturing of the membrane of red blood cells ## Footnote It can be caused by various factors during blood collection.

Question 35

What is jaundice?

Answer 35

Yellowish or orange color of the serum due to high bilirubin level in the blood ## Footnote This condition can affect the appearance of blood samples.

Question 36

What is lipemia?

Answer 36

White and milky color due to large amounts of fats and lipids ## Footnote It can indicate abnormal lipid levels in the blood.

Question 37

What are some tips to enhance vein visibility for venipuncture?

Answer 37

Retie the tourniquet, use a blood pressure cuff, massage the arm, lower the arm, warm the location ## Footnote These techniques can help in recovering a failed venipuncture.

Question 38

What should be done if the first venipuncture attempt fails?

Answer 38

Evaluate the problem and try on the other site; consider using a butterfly or syringe method ## Footnote If unsuccessful, notify the patient's nurse and/or physician.