PME 2 Drugs Flashcards
Sodium chloride 0.9% Indications
- Inadequate tissue perfusion/ shock
- Hypovolaemia
- Significant burns >20% adult >10% Paed
- To dissolve and dilute drugs
- As a flush for IV or IO drug administration
Sodium chloride 0.9% Contraindications
Nil
Sodium chloride 0.9% Presentations
- Ampule, 10 mL
- Bag, 100 mL
- Bag, 500 mL
- 10 mL pre-filled syringe
Salbutamol Indications
- Bronchospasm
Salbutamol Contraindications
- Allergy
- Pt < 1 year of age
Salbutamol Presentations
- MDI, 100 microg / puff
- Nebule, 2.5 mg / 2.5 mL
- Nebule, 5 mg / 2.5 mL
- Ampule, 500 microg / 1 mL
Salbutamol MDI dose - Bronchospasm (ADULT)
12 (1.2 mg) puffs
Repeated every 10 mins
No max dose
Salbutamol NEB dose - Bronchospasm (ADULT)
5 mg
Repeated PRN
No max dose
Salbutamol MDI dose - Bronchospasm (PAED 1-5 years)
6 (600 microg) puffs
Repeated every 10 mins
No max dose
Salbutamol MDI dose - Bronchospasm (PAED > 6 years)
12 (1.2 mg) puffs
Repeated every 10 mins
No max dose
Salbutamol NEB dose - Bronchospasm (PAED 1-5 years)
2.5 mg
Repeated PRN
No max dose
Salbutamol NEB dose - Bronchospasm (PAED > 6 years)
5 mg
Repeated PRN
No max dose
Ipratropium bromide indications
- Moderate bronchospasm (unresponsive to initial QAS salbutamol NEB)
- Severe bronchospasm
Ipratropium bromide contraindications
- Allergy
- Pt < 1 year
Ipratropium bromide presentation
Nebule, 250 microg / 1 mL
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Moderate bronchospasm (ADULT)
500 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
1.5 mg total MAX dose
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Severe bronchospasm (ADULT)
500 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
1.5 mg total MAX dose
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Moderate bronchospasm (PAED 1-5 years)
250 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
750 microg total MAX dose
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Severe bronchospasm (PAED 1-5 years)
250 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
750 microg total MAX dose
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Moderate bronchospasm (PAED >6 years)
500 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
1.5 mg total MAX dose
Ipratropium bromide NEB dose - Severe bronchospasm (PAED >6 years)
500 microg
Repeated at 20 min intervals
1.5 mg total MAX dose
Paracetamol indications
- Mild to moderate pain
- Fever causing distress
Paracetamol contraindications
- Allergy
- Pt < 1 month of age
Paracetamol presentation
- Tablet, 500 mg
- Elixir, 120 mg / 5 mL
Paracetamol PO dose - Mild to moderate pain (ADULT)
0.5 - 1 g
Repeated every 4 hours
4 g max dose in 24 hours
Paracetamol PO dose - Fever causing distress (ADULT)
0.5 - 1 g
Repeated every 4 hours
4 g max dose in 24 hours
Paracetamol PO dose - Fever causing distress (PAED > 1 month of age)
15 mg / kg
Single max dose of 1 g
Not to be administered with in 4 hours of previous paracetamol administration
Paracetamol PO dose - Mild to moderate pain (PAED > 1 month of age)
15 mg / kg
Single max dose of 1 g
Not to be administered within 4 hours of previous paracetamol administration
What is the formula for drug calculations
Dose x Volume / Stock strength
Ibuprofen indications
Moderate pain due to acute inflammation and tissue injury
Ibuprofen contraindications
- Allergy to any NSAID or aspirin
- Concurrent NSAID treatment
- Current GI bleed to peptic ulcers
- Dehydration and/ or hypovolamemia
- Renal impairment
- NSAID induced asthma
- Heart failure
- Pregnancy
- ACE or ARB treatment
- Pt < 13 years
- Pt taking anticoagulant medications
- Diuretic treatment
Ibuprofen presentation
Tablet, 200 mg
Ibuprofen PO dose - Moderate pain due to acute inflammation and tissue injury
200 - 400 mg
Must not be administered within 6 hours of previous dose
Ibuprofen PO dose (PEAD)
Ibuprofen is not indicated for paediatric patients
Methoyflurane indications
Pain
Methoxyflurane contraindications
- Allergy
- Pts < 1 year
- Hx of significant liver or renal disease
- Hx of malignant hyperthermia
Methoxyflurane presentation
Bottle, 3 mL
Methoxyflurane INH dose - Pain (ADULT)
3 mL
Repeat after 20 mins
6 mL total max dose
Methoxyflurane INH dose - Pain (PAED > 1 year)
3 mL
Single dose only
Morphine indications
- Significant pain
- Sedation
- Autonomic dysreflexia
Morphine contraindications
- Allergy
- Kidney disease (renal failure)
Morphine presentation
Ampule, 10 mg / 1 mL
Morphine IM dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (ADULT > 70 years)
2.5 - 5 mg
Repeated at up to 5 mg every 10 mins
10 mg total max dose
Morphine IM dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (ADULT < 70 years)
2.5 - 5 mg
Repeated at up to 5 mg every 10 mins
20 mg total max dose
Morphine IV dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (ADULT < 70 years)
2.5 - 5 mg
Repeated at up to 5 mg every 10 mins
20 mg total max dose
Morphine IV dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (ADULT > 70 years)
2.5 - 5 mg
Repeated at up to 5 mg every 10 mins
10 mg total max dose
Morphine IM dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (PAED > 1 year)
100-200 microg / kg
Single max dose 5 mg
Total max dose 200 microg / kg
Morphine IV dose - Significant pain & Autonomic Dysreflexia (PAED > 1 year)
100 microg / kg
Single max dose 2.5 mg
Total max dose 200 microg / kg
Ondensetron indications
Significant neausa and/ or vomiting
Ondansetron contraindications
ABSOLUTE
- Allergy
- Congenital long QT syndrome
- Apomorphine treatment
- Pt < 2 years
RELATIVE
- First trimester pregnancy
Ondansetron presentation
- Ampule, 4 mg / 2 mL
- ODT, 4 mg
Ondansetron IM dose - Significant nausea/ vomiting (ADULT)
4-8 mg
8 mg total max dose
Not to be given within 8 hours of previous dose