PLUMBING TERMS Flashcards by lovejoy ramos

unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest opening from any pipe or faucet supplying water to a tank, plumbing fixture, or other device and the flood level rim of the receptacle

Air Gap

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the flow of water, or other liquid mixture or substances into the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source, other than its intended source

Back Flow

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the back flow of used contaminated water from a plumbing fixture or vessel into a water supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such a pipe

Back Siphonage

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refers to any group of two or more similar adjacent fixtures which discharges into a common horizontal waste pipe or soil branch

Battery of Fixtures

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is synonymous with faucet, cock, tap, plug, etc. The word faucet is preferred

Bib

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a flange that closes the end of a pipe. There is no opening for the passage of water.

Blind Flange

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A controlled outlet on a pipeline used to discharge water

Blow Off

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Any part of the piping system other than a riser or stack

Branch

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Length of a soil or waster stack corresponding in general to the storey height

Branch Interval

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Is a vent connecting one or more individual vents with a vent stack or stack vent

Branch Vent

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Plugging an opening with oakum, lead or other materials, that are pounded into the place or opening.

Calking

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Branch vent that serves two or more traps, and extends from the front of the last fixture connection of a horizontal branch to the vent stack

Circuit Vent

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Vertical vent that is a continuation of the drain to which a vent connects

Continuous vent

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Fixture combining one sink and tray or a two or three compartment sink or tray in one vent

Combination Fixtures

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A specially designed system of waste piping embodying the horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks or floor drains by means of a common waste and vent pipe adequately sized to provide free movement of air above the flow line of the drain

Combination Waste and Vent System

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A drain from two or three fixture connected to a single trap. It is also called a dual vent

Common Vent

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Any physical connection between two otherwise separate piping system, one contains potable water,and the other from unknown or questionable safety

Cross Connection

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Extended portion of a pipe that is closed at one end permitting the stagnation of water or air therein

Dead End

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Length along the center of the pipe or fitting

Developed Length

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The nominal interior diameter of the pipe, except for brass and copper pipe, wherein it refers to the outside diameter

Diameter

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Includes all piping that conveys sewage, rainwater and other liquid waste to a legal point of disposal

Drainage System

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Vent that does not carry water or water-borne wastes

Dry Vent

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Is the minimum cross sectional area at the point of water supply discharge, measured or expressed in terms of diameter of a circle

Effective Opening

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The portion of a plumbing system that has been installed and approved prior to the addition, alteration or correction

Existing Work

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Pipe connecting several fixtures

Fixture Branch

Drain from the Trap of a fixture to the junction of that drain with any other drain pipe

Fixture Drain

Water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the fixture branch

Fixture Supply

Quantity in terms of which the load producing effects on the plumbing system of different kinds of plumbing fixtures are expressed in some arbitrarily chosen scale

Fixture Units

Total discharge flow in gallons per unit of a simple fixture divided by 7.5 gallons that provides the flow rate of that particular fixture as a unit of flow

Fixture Unit Flow Rate

Device located inside the tank for the purpose of maintaining water level for effective flushing of the water closet

Flood Level

Metallic sleeve or otherwise joined into an opening in pipe into which a plug is screwed that can be removed for the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior of the pipe

Ferrule

Device located at the bottom of the tank for flushing water closets and similar fixtures

Flush Valve

Device which discharges a predetermined quality of water to the fixture for flushing purposes activated by direct water pressure

Flushometer Valve

Slope or fall of pipe in reference to a fraction of an inch per foot length of pipe

Grade

Branch vent that performs its fucntion for two or more traps

Group Vent

Any pipe or fitting which makes an angle of more than 45deg with the vertical

Horizontal Pipe

Lowest portion of the inside of any pipe or conduit that is not vertical

Invert

Any discharge from any fixture or appliance in connection with a plumbing system which does not receive fecal matter

Liquid Waste

Pipe on the fixture side of the trap through which vapor or foul air is removed from a room or fixture

Local Vent Pipe

same as Circuit Vent except that it loops back and connects with a vent stack instead of a stack vent

Looped Vent

In plumbing, a secondary pipe. In sewage, a common sewer to which no other common sewer is a tributary. It receives sewage only from the building sewer.

Lateral

Principal artery of a system to which branches may be connected

Main

Sewer Line or system directly controlled by public authorities

Main Sewer

Principal artery of the venting system to which vent branches may be connected

Main Vent

Installed receptacles, devices or appliances which are supplied with water, or which receives or discharges liquid or liquid-borne waste, w/ or w/o discharge into drainage system which may be directly or indirectly connected

Plumbing Fixtures

- water-treating or water-using equipment

Plumbing System

provides circulation of air between drainage and vent systems

Relief Vent

Part of the vent pipeline which connects directly with an individual waste or group of wastes, underneath or back of the fixture, and extend either to the main or branch vent pipe

Re-Vent Pipe

Water supply pipe which extend vertically one full storey or more to convey water to branches or fixtures

Riser

- necessary fixture supports

Rough-in

An open return bend usually with inside threads, but applied also to 180deg bend in pipe

Return Bend

Common sewer directly controlled by public authorities where all abutters have equal right of connection

Public Sewer

sewage connecting human excrement and liquid household waste. It is also called domestic sewage

Sanitary Sewage

A sewer intended to receive sanitary sewage with or without industrial wastes and without the admixture if surface water, storm water or drainage

Sanitary Sewer

Any branch in a building drain other than the primary branch

Secondary Branch

a comprehensive term including all construction or collection, transportation, pumping, treatment and final disposition of sewage

Sewerage or Sewage Work

is a Y connection used on fire lines so that two lines of hose may be connected to a hydrant or to the same nozzle

Siamese Connection

Vertical Pipe usually used for the storage of water, frequently under pressure

Standpipe

a vent connecting to the drain pipe through a fitting at an angle not greater than 45deg or to the vertical

Side Vent

Any pipe that conveys the discharge of water closets or fixtures having similar functions, with or without the discharge from other fixtures

Soil Pipe

Vertical Main of a system of soil, waste or vent pipe

Stack

the location of fixtures in relation to the stack so that by means of proper fittings, vents may be reduced to a minimum

Stack Group

extension of a soil or waste stack above the highest horizontal drain connected to the stack. It is sometimes called waste vent or soil vent

Stack Vent

method of venting a fixture or fixtures through the soil or waste stack

Stack Venting

underground drain pipes that receive subsurface or seepage water only and convey it to a place of disposal

Subsoil Drain

Pit or Receptacle at a low point to which the liquid waste are drained

Sump

fitting or device so designed as to provide, when properly vented, a liquid seal that will prevent the back passage of air without materially affecting the flow of sewage through it

Trap

Maximum vertical depth of liquid that trap will retain, measured between the crown weir and top of the dip of the trap

Trap Seal

Vertical Pipe installed primarily for the purpose of providing circulation of air to different parts of the drainage system

Vent Stack

Pipe/s installed to provide a flow or circulation of air within the plumbing system to protect trap seals siphoning and back pressure

Vent System

Pipe installed in a vertical position or at an angle of not more than 45deg with the vertical

Vertical Pipe

pipe that conveys liquid waste from fixture that is free of fecal matter

Waste Pipe

Waste that is discharged through water closet

Solid Waste

Waste that is discharged by fixtures other than water closet

Liquid Waste

Pipe that discharges from water closet

Soil Pipe

Pipe that discharges from fixtures other than water closet

Waste Pipe

Pipe that conveys water from the water service pipe to the plumbing fixtures and other water outlets

Water Distributing Pipe

Pipe from the water main or other source of water supply to the building served

Water Service Pipe

- all necessary connecting pipes, fitting and valves

Water Supply System

Vent that receives the discharge from wastes other than water closet

Wet Vent

Two Main Objectives of Plumbing

1) To supply water to different parts of the building

Conditions for an Effective Water Supply in Buildings

1) To provide sufficient amount of water to supply each fixture

The Drainage System should Accomplish the following:

1) Fast removal of the waste with a minimum probability of leakage and stoppage of drains

Types of Cast-Iron pipe

1) Standard Pipe (spigot - hub)

hole in the ground curbed w/ stones or other materials to allow raw contaminated sewage to leach into the soil

Cesspool

Concrete Sealed Vault with a wooden shelter constructed for the collection of raw sewage

Privy

Device or receptacle used to expedite the decomposition of the elements contained in a raw sewage waste

Septic Tank

Public Sewage system operated and maintained by the government consisting of a sewage treatment plant that conveys the raw sewage from buildings and houses to a disposal system

Public Sewer Line

Semi-liquid substance that accumulates at the bottom of the septic tank

Sludge

Semi-liquid substance that floats in the septic tank

Scum

P-trap with 5cm water seal

Common Seal P-Trap

P-trap with 10cm water seal

Deep Seal P-Trap