Plumbing System Flashcards
3 Major Phases of water
Evaporation
Condensation
Precipitation
Art and technique of installing pipes, fixtures and other apparatuses in buildings for bringing in the supply of liquids, substance and or ingredients and removing them
Plumbing
Makes up 70% of earth’s surface
Water
Using jets to spray water into the atmosphere or passing it through rough surface to remove entrained noxious gases
Aeration
Causing larger suspended particles in water to form a gelatinous mass which precipitates readily by adding coagulants
Coagulation
Fine and suspended particles are removed when water is passed through layers of sand and gravel in a basin
Filtration
Sediments are settled through a period of time as water is passed through basin
Sedimentation
Hypochlorite or chlorine gas is injected in water to kill harmful bacteria
Chlorination
General types of Well
Shallow Wells
Deep Wells
Most common type of well around 15m deep
Dug Well
Similar to dug well, but constructed using an auger driven in by hand or with power tools; Below 15 meters but can reach 40 meters with power tools
Bored Well
Used only when ground is relatively soft; Referred to as “sand point wells”
Jetted Wells
Dug with Sharon pointed hollow slotted iron rod and weak screen; Around 10-15 meters deep
Driven Well
Basic types of pump
Piston Pump
Centrifugal Pump
Water is sucked into a sealed vacuum by use of piston
Piston Pump
Water is drawn into the pump and discharged with a centrifugal force
Centrifugal Pump
Piston pump that operate with controlled speed the discharge from the reciprocating pump is pulsating and changes only when the speed of pump is change
Reciprocating Pumps
Centrifugal pump typically used for drawing water up a well
Jet pump
Positive displacement pump for each revolution of the pump, a fixed volume of fluid is moved regardless of the resistance against which the pump is pushing
Rotary Pump
Designed to be fully immersible within a tank or other water storage
Submersible Pump
Pump used to remove accumulations of water or other liquids from a sump pit
Sump Pump
Centrifugal pump used for large applications
Turbine Pump
Relies on gravity to supply water fixtures below
Overheard Tanks
Underground tank connected with a pump
Cisterns
Tank in which liquid or gas is stored under pressure
Pressure Tank
Water tank that is used for storing hot water
Hot Water Tank
Used in overheard feed system
Gravity Supply Tanks
Used in the air pressure system
Pneumatic Water Tanks
Full way valve; used mainly to completely close or open the water line
Gate Valve
Controls the flow of water with movable spindle; Can reduce water pressure
Globe valve
Prevents back flow in the line
Check Valve
Located at the lower end of the pump; Mainly used to prevent loss of priming of the pumps; Also known us Retention Valve
Foot Valve
Pipe from the street main or other source of water supply to the building served
Service Pipe
Device used to measure in liters or gallons the amount of water that passes through the water service
Water Meter
Principal water distribution pipe running from the water meter from which the various branches and rises to the fixtures are taken
Horizontal Supply Main
Water supply pipe extending vertically to one full storey or more to convey water into pipe branches or plumbing fixtures
Riser
Water supply pipe between the fixtures supply pipe and the water distribution pipe
Fixture Branch
Used for control, isolation and repair of the water distribution system
Controls and Valves
Receptacles which are used to provide, receive and discharge water, liquid and water carried wastes into a drainage system with which they are connected to
Plumbing fixtures
Distance of water closet center to side wall
0.375 meters
Distance of water closet center to center to water closet center
0.75 meter
Urinal center to side wall
0.30 meter
Urinal center to urinal center
0.60 meter
Minimum interior area of shower baths and diameter circle
0.60 Sqm and 762 mm diameter circle
Height of shower drain
1.78 meters
Drains for gang shower rooms shall be spaced no more than ____
4.9 meters
