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level 2 plumbing > plumbing science > Flashcards

plumbing science Flashcards

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1
Q

what is brass

A

brass is alloy.

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2
Q

what is aluminium

A

aluminium is a non ferrous and is the most abundant metal on earth.

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3
Q

2 non ferrous metals

A

lead is normal the galina ore zinc usually occurs in thin veins known as rakes or as a secondary deposit.

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4
Q

what are non ferrous metals

A

non ferrous metals are those that do not contain iron. They do not rust. However , they can corrode over time.

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5
Q

what are ferrous metals

A

ferrous metals contain iron , such as steel and cast iron. Ferrous metals corrode easily in the presence of water and air.

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6
Q

what are plastics

A

plastics play a huge part in the installation of modern plumbing systems. Most systems can now be installed in some sort of plastic material, be it cold water , hot water , central heating or sanitation systems.

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7
Q

what is polybutylene

A

it is used for push fit hot and cold water installations

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8
Q

what is abs

A

water supply - potable water for apartments

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9
Q

what is copper used for

A

tubes fittings , heat exchangers.

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10
Q

what is brass used for

A

compression fittings, boiler components

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11
Q

what is bronze used for

A

heat exchangers where the risk of corrosion is high

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12
Q

what is gun metal used for

A

compression fittings , boiler components

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13
Q

what is zinc used for

A

used in its molten state as galvanising for galvanised low carbon steel tubes and fittings.

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14
Q

what is iron used for?

A

in its cast form it is used for cast iron pipes , gutters and boiler heat exchangers.

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15
Q

what is lead used for?

A

sheet roof weathering.

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16
Q

what are ceramic tiles for?

A

they have many applications and used extensively in bathrooms

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17
Q

what is fir clay for?

A

is used for heavy duty appliances, such as Belfast sinks , London sinks

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18
Q

what is sheer strength?

A

the maximum force a material can withstand when being twisted

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19
Q

what is ductility ?

A

the amount that a material can be pulled, pushed , stretched or deformed without breaking

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20
Q

what is elasticity?

A

the length that a material can be stretched and returned to its original length.

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21
Q

what is specific heat capacity?

A

the amount of heat required to raise 1kg of a substance through 1 degree C

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22
Q

what is the formula for specific heat capacity?

A

specific heat value x kg x temperature rise 1kg of water to rise 5 degree C

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23
Q

what is linear expansion?

A

length of material x the temperature rise x the coefficient of expansion for that material.

24
Q

what is galvanic corrosion?

A

where one metal corrodes preferably when it is in electrical contact.

25
Q

what is evaporation?

A

when liquid turns into a gas.

25
Q

what is electrolytic corrosion?

A

the further away metals are in the electromotive series , quicker the electrolytic corrosion takes place.

26
Q

what is freezing?

A

when a liquid turn into gas

27
Q

what is condensation?

A

when a gas turns into liquid - when it rains or when water droplets form on cold surface.

28
Q

what is the chemical symbol for water?

A

the chemical symbol for water is H20.

29
Q

what is the boiling point of water?

A

the boiling point of water is 100 degrees C

30
Q

what is the maximum density of water?

A

the maximum density of water is 4 degrees C

31
Q

what temperature does water freeze at?

A

water freezes at 0 degrees C or 273 K

32
Q

what are water softeners?

A

the only way to fully remove hard water is to install a water softener.

33
Q

what is flow rate?

A

the amount of fluid that flows through a pipe at a given.

33
Q

what is velocity?

A

the rate at which an object changes its position taking into account speed and direction.

34
Q

what is force?

A

an influence on an object that may cause it to move

35
Q

which ways can heat be transferred?

A

conduction, convection, radiation.

36
Q

what is radiation?

A

this is heat transfer via infrared light.

37
Q

what types of gasses are used in the plumbing industry?

A

propane, butane, natural gas.

38
Q

what is resistance?

A

the ohm is the unit of resistance, which opposes the flow of current.

39
Q

how does conduction occur?

A

when materials or objects are in direct contact with each other.

40
Q

what causes siphonage to occur?

A

when the fluid flows to the highest portion of the bend pipe due to the pressure difference.

41
Q

how does limescale build up?

A

where water is heated or left standing.

42
Q

when does the change of state occur?

A

when they are heated or cooled.

43
Q

what is the SI unit for measuring electric current?

A

the ampere.

44
Q

what is specific heat capacity measured in?

A

Joules per kilogram per degree Celsius.

45
Q

what is a sinusoidal waveform?

A

a periodic wave whose waveform (shape) is the trigonometric sine function.

46
Q

what scale do we use indicator level Acidity and Alkane?

A

PH scale

47
Q

What type of pipe insulation is used?

A

Lagging

48
Q

what is the purpose of insulation in a hot water cylinder?

A

to prevent heat loss and save energy.

49
Q

How is soldering able to run a pipe?

A

capillary action?

50
Q

what type of water corrodes pipe work?

A

Soft water

51
Q

Which type of water is difficult to lather?

A

hard water

52
Q

limescale deposits form by which type of water?

A

temporary hard water

53
Q
A

level 2 plumbing (3 decks)

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