Plumbing Science Flashcards
What SI base units are common to the Building service Industry?
Length- Metre- m
Mass- Kilogram- kg
Time- Seconds- s
Electric current- Ampere- A
Temperature- Kelvin- K
What type of metal is iron?
Ferrous
What type of metal is copper?
Non ferrous
Name 4 other non-ferrous metals?
Aluminium, lead, zinc, tin
What does a ferrous metal contain?
Ferrous metals contain iron, such as steel and cast iron?
What makes ferrous metals corrode?
Water and air
What is non-ferrous metal?
Non-ferrous metals do not contain iron
What is an alloy?
An alloy is a blend of two or more elements, one of which must be a metal
What are typical alloys in the plumbing industry?
Brass, bronze, gun metal, steel, stainless steel, iron and lead
What are the two types of plastic?
Thermoplastic and thermo-setting plastic
What is thermoplastic?
Thermoplastics are made from polymer resins that become liquid when heated and hard once they are cooled down
What is thermo-setting plastic?
Thermo-setting plastic is different to thermoplastic as they can only be heated and moulded once, they cannot be reheated and remoulded and their initial shape is permanent
What is hardness?
The resistance of material to be cut, deformed and bent
What is toughness?
The amount of energy a material can absorb without breaking or fracturing
What is tensile strength?
The max force a material can withstand when being pulled apart
What is compressive strength?
The max force a material can withstand when being crushed
What is shear strength?
The max force a material can withstand when being ripped
What is malleability?
The amount of hammering and shaping a material can withstand without breaking, splitting or cracking
What is ductility?
The amount a material can be pulled, pushed, stretched or deformed without breaking
What is strength?
The measure of how materials withstand heavy loads without breaking
When does galvanic corrosion occur?
When two dissimilar metals are in contact with each other through the presence of an electrolyte.
What is a property of solid?
Solids cannot be squashed or compressed.
What is a property of liquids?
Liquids flow and take shape of their container.
What is a property of gases?
Gases can be compressed or squashed.
What are the methods of heat transfer?
Conduction
Convection
Radiation
What is conduction?
Conduction occurs when heat travels through a substance, the heat passing directly from one molecule to another.
When does convection occur?
Convection occurs when heat is transferred through a fluid.
What is radiation?
All objects will transmit and receive heat in the form of thermal radiation.
What is the unit for energy?
Joules (j)
What is the unit for SHC
(Kj/Kg/•c)
What is the unit for power?
Watts (W)
What is velocity?
The rate and direction of the change in the position of an object.
What is acceleration?
is defined as the rate at which an object changes it’s velocity.
What is flow rate?
The amount of fluid that flows in a given time
What is pressure?
Pressure is an expression of force exerted on a surface per unit area
What is static pressure?
Water that is not flowing
What is dynamic pressure?
Water that is flowing
Why does pipe size matter?
The bigger the pipe, the greater the volume of water or gases.
What is first class lever?
A first class lever is one where the fulcrum lies
between the effort and the load in a seesaw
style. Examples of this include scissors, pliers, crowbar.
What is second class lever?
second class lever is one where the load is
between the fulcrum and the effort. Examples of
this are a wheel barrow, a bottle opener.
What is third class lever?
A third class lever is one where the effort is
between the fulcrum and the load. Examples of
this are a shovel, a fishing rod and the human forearm.
The limescale build up in systems is caused by what?
Temporary hard water
A change of state may occur when water is heated to what?
1000C
What has a sinusoidal wave form?
AC electricity
What is the earths gravitational pull
9.8
