plumbing science Flashcards
what is latent heat?
Latent heat is energy absorbed or released during state change. The temperature remains constant.
what is sensible heat?
Sensible heat is energy that causes temperature change. No state change occurs. It is crucial in heating and cooling calculations.
How is materials measured?
Material measured in g/cm cubed, relative density 1000th of materials measured in kg/m cubed.
What is conducting?
conducting is when heat travels through a substance touching something.
What is convection?
Convected heat is when heat travels round a room. For example a radiator warms up the air around it, which then rises and circulates around the room
What is radiation?
Radiation heat is when you can feel heat come of it. For example the heat you feel of a fireplace is thermal radiation.
what is acceleration measured in?
meters per second squared m/s squared.
How is acceleration defined?
Distance travelled overtime that includes speeding up, slowing down and changing direction.
What is density measured in?
Kilograms per metre cubed. Kg/m cubed.
How is density defined?
Standard unit of material density, expressed directly in base SI units.
How is capacity measured?
Litre/L, a litre is a measurement of 1000 centimetres cubed.
how is area measured?
square meter, multiply length times width.
What is application in liquids?
Both latent heat and sensible heat are important.
what is volume measured in?
cubic metre/m cubed. Multiply length width and hight, 3-dimensional.
What is a ferrous metal?
A metal that contains iron as a primary element.
What is application in gasses?
Sensible heat is often more significant, consider the air conditioning systems.
what is mass measured in?
kilogram/kg
what is length measured in?
metre/m
what is pressure measured in?
1 bar is equal to 10m of water pressure.
What is a none ferrous metal?
Metals that do not contain iron.
what is ductility?
a material that has ability to stretch thin when tensile stress is applied.
what is hardness?
the resistance of a material.
what is LPG?
its a flammable gas that is heavier than most air.
what is a property of butane?
it has high calorific value and high temperature change.
what is a property of propane?
its boiling point is -45 degrees
what is water at 100 degrees?
a gas
what is water at 0 degrees?
a solid
what is water at room temperature?
a liquid
What is an alloy?
a mix of two or more metals.
what is conduction?
when heat moves from one object to the other.
what is the unit of power measured in?
The watt is the SI unit for power.
what is the unit of heat measured in?
Joules
what is the unit of energy measured in?
joules
what is specific heat capacity?
amount of heat required to change a unit mass of that substance by one degree in temperature.
what is it called when water is turned to steam?
evaporation
what is it called when a solid is turned to water?
liquid
what is it called when steam is turned back to water?
condensation
what is it called when water turns to ice?
solidification
what are 2 properties of a solid?
they have a fixed shape and they cannot be compressed.
what are 2 properties of a gas?
particles can move freely in any direction and they can be compressed and squashed.
what are 2 properties of a liquid?
liquids flow and take shape of a container and they cannot be squashed or compressed
what is the flow rate?
the amount of fluid that flows in a given time
what is pressure?
pressure is an expression of force exerted on a surface
what is velocity?
the rate and direction of the change in the position or object.
what does a roughness of a material surface mean?
rougher the pipe material the greater the resistance flow
what will the difference in a pipe size define?
bigger the pipe the greater volume of gasses or liquids
what will reductions in pipe size do?
a size reduction will reduce the pressure and the flow rate but increases the velocity.
what is waters boiling point in kelvin?
373
water at 0 degrees in kelvin is?
273
what does painting central heating system do?
atmospheric corrosion
what has a sinusoidal wave form?
AC electricity
what would an anti-capillary groove in lead weathering stop?
water being drawn into building
a change of state may occur when water is heated to?
1000C.
which material is the best conductor of heat?
copper
what will cause siphonage too occur?
suction at point c
what will a decrease pipe size allow?
reduce flow
what will a larger pipe allow?
water flows more slowly
what does pipe diameter affect?
fluid velocity
what do elbows restrict?
flow of water
what does CWSC mean?
cold water storage cisterns
