Plumbing Fundamentals Flashcards
Essentially, a plumbing system is composed of a network of (blank), (blank), and (blank)that carry and control flow of supply water and waste water to and from points of use known as (fixtures).
Pipes, fittings, valves, fixtures
Specific weight, or density, of water is its weight per unit (blank)
Volume
Water is most dense at what temperature?
39 degrees Fahrenheit
Below 39 degrees F, water becomes more or less dense? It’s volume increases or decreases?
Less. Increases.
Above and below 39 degrees F, water is more or less dense?
Less
The (blank) of a fluid or solid is the ratio of the specific weight of the fluid or solid to the specific weight of water at a temperature of 39 degrees F.
Specific gravity (s.g.)
Materials with a specific gravity of less than 1 are (more/less) dense than water
Less
A gallon is approximately how many liters?
3.8. Liters
Volumetric flo rate, or flow rate, is the (blank) of a substance that passes a point in a system per unit of (blank)
Volume. Time.
Pressure (p) is the (blank) per unit (blank) exerted by liquid or gas on a surface such as the sidewall of a container or pipe.
Force. Area.
Standard atmospheric pressure is the typical barometric pressure of air at (blank) and (blank) degrees F.
Sea level. 70 degrees F.
Guage pressure (Pg) is the pressure of a fluid (gas or liquid) excluding pressure exerted by the (blank).
Atmosphere
Saturation vapor pressure is the pressure that (blank) molecules exert when the air is fully saturated at a given (blank).
Water. Temperature.
On plumbing systems there are 3 additional types of pressure.
Static pressure. Residual pressure. Discharge pressure.
Static pressure is the pressure that exists without any (blank).
Flow
Residual pressure is the pressure available at a (blank) during a period of (blank).
Fixture or outlet. Maximum demand.
Discharge pressure is the pressure of the water at the (blank), such as at the mouth of a shower head, faucet, or hose bib.
Point of discharge.
Water vapor pressure is the pressure that the (blank) alone exert in air.
Water vapor molecules.
Type K copper tubing is primarily used for what?
Underground water service.
Type M copper tubing is primarily used for what?
Branch supplies where pressure is not too great.
Type DWV tubing is primarily used for what?
Non pressure applications
Steel pipe is most commonly used for what?
Natural gas supply lines
Sprinkler systems
Lightweight wrought iron pipe is the most common pipe used in what application?
Water supply and fire sprinkler systems
Cast iron pipe is most commonly used for what?
Gravity building and storm drain/sewer systems.
