Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Building Systems > Plumbing > Flashcards

Plumbing Flashcards

1
Q

The minimum fresh air ventilation rate recommended by ASHRAE Standard 62 is A. 5 cfm/person B. 10 cfm/person C. 15 cfm/person D. 20 cfm/person

A

C. 15 cfm/person

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

True or false: A Hydropneumatic system is a water supply system that uses the existing pressure in the water main to supply fixtures for small low-rise buildings with a moderate demand. A pump can be incorporated to increase distribution.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Which of the following types of copper pipe is most commonly used for supply lines in building plumbing systems? A. DWV B. Type K C. Type L D. Type M

A

C. Type L Type L is the most commonly used copper pipe for building supply lines. K is used for underground M is the thinnest type and used for low pressure only DWV is only used for drainage, waste, and vent piping

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What type of copper pipe is normally used as underground pipe?

A

Type K, the heaviest type of copper pipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

What are the types of plastic pipes?

A

Polyethylene (PE): plastic pipe and tubing

  • Acrilylonitrite Butadiene Styrene (ABS): plastic pipe, black, used only fordrain lines.ABS’s light weight and ability to be injection molded and extruded make it useful in manufacturing products such as drain-waste-vent (DWV)
  • Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC): plastic pipe, white, used for supply in mains
  • Polyvinyl Dichloride (PVDC): (okay for hot water)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

What factor is dependent on building height? A. calculation of fixture units B. size of pressure tank C. determination of static head D. capacity of the submersible pump

A

C. determination of static head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

Which of the following domestic water heating systems would yield the lowest operating costs for a duplex residential unit? A. active closed-loop solar B. direct-fired storage tank C. ground-source heat pump D. tankless instantaneous

A

A. active closed loop solar A solar water heating system would have the lowest long-term operating cost because no fuel cost would be involved A standard direct-fired storage tank unit would require purchasing gas, oil, or some other type of fuel to heat the water. A ground source heat pump would not be able to supply water hot enough for domestic use and is inappropriate for this application; ground source heat pumps are used for heating the home, not water. A tankless instantaneous init would incur ongoing expenses due to its use of electricity and is not appropriate for general household domestic hot water generation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

True or false. Ground source heat pumps are used as a heat source for DHW?

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

What type of water heater is the least efficient for domestic use?

A

indirect, tankless Water is heated in a furnace or boiler whose primary purpose is to provide space ehating for the building. Therefore, to maintain desired quantities of hot water at all time, the furnace would have to operate during warm periods when space heating is not required. Generally, this type of heating system us used in conjunction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

What is a stack vent?

A

It is a vent through the roof that connects directly to the uppermost part of a soil stack or a waste stack. Generally, other vent lines are connected to it above the branch line from the highest fixtures in the building.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

What is a soil stack?

A

A drainage pipe that serves the toilet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

What is a vent stack?

A

A vent that is separate from the soil or waste stack. A vent stack is typically used to vent fixtures below the topmost fixture in a building

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

What is a waste stack?

A

a pipe that serves only sinks and the like without being connected to a toilet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

Which of these is the most important concern in relation to a private water supply? A. fixture pressure B. hardness C. friction loss D. yield

A

B. hardness Hardness affects the quality and taste of water as well as the longevity of the plumbing system. Very hard water can deposit minerals that build up in pipes and on plumbing fixtures. THe taste may be objectionable, requiring installation of a water softening or filtration system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

A graywater system would most appropriately be integrated into a A. laundromat B. office building C. residence D. restaurant

A

A. laundromat Grawwater systems, when allowed by local building and health departments, are most appropriately used where the ratio of nonpotable water needs is relatively high. A laundromat would produce a great amount of wastewater that could be captured for other purposes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

True or false. Drain should always slope a minimum of 1/8 in/ft.

A

false minimum slope of drains depends on the size of the pipe. Drainage slopes are 1/4” per foot for typical effluent waste lines. Drains are 45 degrees for waste lines that are gravity only. For pipes larger than 3 in, a slope of 1/8 in/ft is sometimes allowed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

True or false. THe vent stack extends through the roof?

A

false The vent stack may extend through the roof, but this is not required. In many cases, the vent stack connects with the stack vent above the highest fixture served by the stack.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
59
Q

Water hammer is most likely to occur when A. the incorrect type of valve is used B. water suddenly stops because the flow is turned off C. expansion joints are not installed in water lines D. water flows backward against a check valve

A

B. water suddenly stops because the flow is turned off Water hammer occurs when a valve is suddenly turned off and causes the water to stop, forcing the pipes to shake

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
60
Q

One component of a plumbing system common to every building is a A. stack vent B. vent stack C. backflow preventer D. house trap

A

A. stack vent A stack vent extends a soil or waste stack to vent through the roof, and every stack must have one of these. A vent stack is a separate vent connected to a waste or soil stack in a multistory building, so not every building has this. A hosue trap is not mandatory in many codes, and a backflow preventer is not required in any plumbing installations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
61
Q

Several types of plastic can be used for cold water, but which type of plastic pipe may be used for hot water piping?

A

PVDC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
62
Q

What is the primary disadvantage of steel pipe over copper pipe?

A

It is more labor intensive and requires more space in plumbing chases.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
63
Q

True or false. Type M pipe is normally specified for most interior plumbing

A

false Type M is only used for low-pressure piping. Type L is the one most commonly used in plumbing installations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
64
Q

What is the minimum yield for a private well?

A

5-10 gpm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
65
Q

What is the typical psi of a water main?

A

50 psi but it can vary from 40-80 psi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
66
Q

Static Head:

A

the pressure required to overcome friction and push water vertically, or the
pressure caused at the bottom of a column of water. Measured in inches of water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
67
Q

Total Pressure:

A

pressure measured by a pilot tube, consisting of static pressure and
velocity pressure.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
68
Q

Pilot Tube:

A

instrument used with a manometer or pressure gauge to measure the
velocity of air or water in a duct or pipe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
69
Q

Storm Drains:

A

drained by gravity and require large pipes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
70
Q

pH:

A

measure of the acidity or basicity of a solution on a scale of 1 - 14, where 7 is
neutral, less is acidic, and more is alkaline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
71
Q

Hard Water:

A

water that contains mineral deposits that can clog up piping, cause mineral
build up in heat exchangers, and place a toll on hydronic systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
72
Q

Zeolite:

A

ion exchange or water softening method in which hard water passes through
zeolite minerals then salt tank so that minerals in hard water don’t solidify

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
73
Q

Turbidity:

A

caused by suspended material in water like silt, clay, organic material

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
74
Q

Brackish:

A

water that contains so much salt it’s nonpotable

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
75
Q

1PSI=

A

2.31 feet of water -or- 6.895 kPa

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
76
Q

1ft3 of water =

A

7.5 gallons

77
Q

Water can’t be sucked up at a height greater than…

A

33 feet because that is the static head
equivalent of atmospheric pressure at 14.7 psi

78
Q

Water Softening:

A

using a zeolite or ion exchange process, water is regenerated with
brine salts.

79
Q

Well Pumps:

A

• Centrifugal: a wheel like impeller, rotated by a vertical shaft aligned with the supply and discharge, and the motor can be above or below ground
• Reciprocating: cylinder and piston with valves (like a car engine or compressor)
• Rotary Pump: spiral rotor on a shaft with a rubber sleeve perpendicular to supply/
discharge. As the rotator turns it sucks water and discharges at the other end
• Ejector: uses a venturi and a water jet sent from the surface to impel water to rise.
• Suction Pumps: for wells under 25’
• Deep Well Jet Pumps: 25’ - 100’+
• Turbine Pumps: for deep wells with high capacity
• Subversive Pumps: for small residential, a pump below the water line pumps water
to a pressure tank

80
Q

Hydropneumatic System:

A

water supply system that uses a pressurized tank that’s
typically in the basement to supply water under pressure to floors above.

81
Q

Upfeed System:

A

pressure from the water main is used to pump directly to the fixtures.
• Enough lift must be provided to reach the top story
• Due to friction, the building height limit is about 40’ - 60’

82
Q

Downfeed System:

A

used when a building is too tall for an upfeed system
• Tank mounted on a roof supplies water to upper stories
• Water is supplied from the main boosted by a pump in the basement of the building
• Pressure is determined by the heigh to the tank above a given floor and not by the
pump
• Height of the zone being served is determined by the allowable pressure on the
fixture at the bottom of the zone, allowing for friction loss.
• Pressure is usually 45 - 60 psi with a zone max heigh of about 138’ (then pressure
regulator valves are required)
• Big disadvantage is the added weight of the system on the roof, which requires a
more expensive structure.
• Choosing a system depends on the height of the building and how much pressure is
required to operate all of the fixtures

83
Q

Surface Runoff:

A

water flow that occurs when soil is infiltrated to full capacity

84
Q

Water Infiltration:

A

process in which water on the ground surface enters the soil

85
Q

Catch Basin:

A

a reservoir in which debris and sediment from runoff may settle before it
enters the storm drain

86
Q

Culvert:

A

drain or channel that permits the passage of water below ground. Typically a
large diameter concrete or metal pipe often used under a road

87
Q

Storm Drain:

A

underground conduit used to carry rainwater from a catch basin to a body
of water

88
Q

Drywell:

A

and underground structure, above the water table, that disposes of unwanted
water by dissipating it into the ground

89
Q

Drain tile:

A

perforated pipe surrounded by granular fill used to release hydrostatic pressure from foundation of retaining walls.

90
Q

Air Gaps:

A

a safety feature, faucets are mounted 2” minimum above the highest possible
level of wastewater to prevent any contaminated water being siphoned back in

91
Q

Anode:

A

a piece of metal placed in a water tank to attract mineral deposits so they don’t
form on tank or equipment

92
Q

Water Heater:

A

tank where water is kept continuously hot and ready for use, always
pressurized and rated in terms of volume and recharge time

93
Q

Recharge Time:

A

length of time the tank takes to reheat itself after it has emptied out of
hot water

94
Q

Distillation:

A

as water turns to vapor pollutants are left behind. Vapor is captured and as
it condenses, the water is collected for use.

95
Q

Lateral:

A

common sewer that receives wastewater only from building sewers.

96
Q

Storage Water Heaters (Tank):

A
  • Fueled by natural gas, propane, oil, electricity
  • Less conventional system are heat pump or solar water heater • Most common water heating type in the US
  • Residential tanks typically 40 - 60 gallons at 50-100 psi
  • Residential tanks typically 120 - 180oF
97
Q

Tankless Water Heaters:

A
  • Water is quickly heated and sent to where it’s needed, as it’s needed • Uses variable speed pumps that run at varying rates
  • Saves space, but pumps wear out faster
98
Q

Circulating Water Heater:

A

• Water is heated in one spot and stored in another until it’s needed

99
Q

Instantaneous (Inflow) Heater:

A

• Water is supplied to each fixture and heated when the water faucet is turned on. • More efficient, but more upfront cost to install

100
Q

Minimum diameter of a vent is …

A

1 1/4” or half of the diameter of the drain it services,
whichever Is larger.

101
Q

Cleanouts are provided at …

A

intersections to allow for maintenance of the drain
• Every 50’-0” in pipes less than 4” in diameter,
• Every 100’ in larger pipes
• Every corner where pipe changes direction more than 45 degrees.

102
Q

Sump Pit:

A

used when fixtures are lower than the level of the house drain and sewer. Sewage is collected and pumped to a higher level to flow by gravity into the sewer.

103
Q

Downspouts/Gutters:

A

size is determined based on the are of the roof and the maximum hourly rainfall. Gutter slope ranges from 1/16” per ft to 1/2” per foot.

104
Q

Swales:

A

V-shaped sloping channels in the grass that take the surface runoff to points where it can be collected and/or disposed of

105
Q

Catch Basins:

A

ike manholes, but they have a top grate instead of a cover. Placed at the lowest point of the swale, or depression to collect runoff and pass it into the storm drain system

106
Q

Retention Ponds:

A

an artificial lake with vegetation around the perimeter, designed to contain the max expected runoff and then slowly release the water to the storm sewer system

107
Q

Detention Pond:

A

temporarily stores water after a storm but eventually empties out to a downstream water body

108
Q

Infiltration Pond:

A

like a retention pond except stormwater is directed to groundwater through permeable soils.

109
Q

Hartford Loop (Underwriter’s Loop):

A

plumbing arrangement on steam boilers to avoid
rapid loss of water in the boiler due to a break in the condensate return line.

110
Q

Vacuum Breaker:

A

automatic valve which admits air into a supply pipe to prevent siphoning polluted water back into the supply

111
Q

When is Galvanized Steel used for plumning?

A

used when water is not corrosive, difficult screw fitting assembly
• Schedule 40 pipe is most common
• Joined mechanically with treaded collars

112
Q

Horizontal Pipe should be supported at intervals of:

A
113
Q
A

3 ft

114
Q
A

cleanout

115
Q
A

fixture drain

116
Q
A

house drain

117
Q
A

house sewer

118
Q
A

soil stack

119
Q
A

stack vent

120
Q
A

stack vent

121
Q
A

vent stack

122
Q
A

waste stack

123
Q

For a roof space accessible by the public or building tenants, what is the minimum height ofa vent pipe extension?

A

Normally the minimum height of a vent pipe extension is 6” above the roof. For roof accessile by the public, a minimum extension of 7’-0” is required.

124
Q

Which type of piping has the lowest coefficient of thermal expansion?

A

Glass

Glass has a coefficient of thermal expansion of 8.5

iron: 11.8
copper: 17

PVC:52

125
Q

What is the primary disadvantage of a circulating hot water system?

A

Increased heat loss through the hot water pipe as it is always kept hot 24 hrs a day.

126
Q

Sprinkler Color Codes (lowest temp to higest temp)

A

orange (135), red (155), yellow (174), green (200), blue (286), prurple (360), black (440/550)

Building Systems (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions