PLT Flashcards
Bandura
Social Learning Theory: people learn from one another, via observation, imitation, and modeling. A bridge between behaviorist and cognitive learning theories.
Bruner
Identified three stages of cognitive representation. Enactive, representation of knowledge through actions. Iconic, visual summarization of images. And Symbolic Representation, use of words or other symbols to describe experiences.
Dewey
Founder of the philosophical movement known as pragmatism. Leader of progressive movement in education.
Piaget
Theory of cognitive development and epistemological view are together called genetic epistemology. Measure how well a child constructs a mental model of the world.
Vygotsky
Sociocultural Theory: suggests that social interaction leads to continuous step by step changes in children’s thought and behavior that can vary greatly from culture to culture.
Kohlberg
The theory of Moral Development is a very interesting subject that stemmed from Jean Piagets theory of moral reasoning. Made us understand that mortality starts from early childhood years and can be affected by several factors.
Bloom
Bloom’s Taxonomy was created in 1956 under the leadership of educational psychologist Dr. Benjamin Bloom in order to promote higher forms of thinking in education, such as analyzing and evaluating concepts, processes, procedures, and principles, rather than just remembering facts.
Metacognition
Awareness and understanding of ones own thought processes.
Scheme
A representation of a plan or theory in the form of an outline or model.
Transfer
Dependency of human conduct, learning, or performance on prior experience.
Self-efficacy
Defined by Bandura as ones belief in ones ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. Ones sense of self-efficacy can play a major role in how one approaches goals, tasks, and challenges.
Self Regulation
The fact of something such as an organization regulating itself without intervention from external bodies.
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)
The difference between what a learner can do without help and what he or she can do with help. It is a concept introduced, yet not fully developed by vygotsky.
Classical and Operant conditioning
Operant conditioning is reinforcement, classical is more association between stimuli and responses. Operant is based on voluntary behavior, classical involves involuntary reflexive behavior.
Variables that affect how students learn and perform:
Learning style, gender, culture, socioeconomic status, prior knowledge and experience, motivation, self-confidence, self-esteem, cognitive development, maturity, and language. Provide examples with how these might affect.
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in employment, transportation, public accommodation, communications, and governmental activists.
IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)
A law ensuring services to children with disabilities throughout the nation. Provide early intervention, special education and related services to more than 6.5 million eligible infants, toddlers, children and youth with disabilities.
Section 504, Rehabilitation Act
American Legislation that guarantees certain rights to people with disabilities.
IEP
If students have IEP, some really need it to better their learning
ELL Students
If they don’t understand the language you could get an interpreter, or one of the ELL teachers if there is one in the building.
Thorndike
Work on animal behavior and the learning process led to the theory of connectionism, which states that behavioral responses to specific stimuli are established through a process of trial and error that’s affects neural connections between the stimuli and the most satisfying responses.
Watson
Established the psychological school of behaviorism. Psychology should be the science of observable behavior.
Maslow
Psychologist who developed a humanistic approach to psychology. Best known for his hierarchy of needs.
Skinner
Behaviorist, developed the theory of operant conditioning, the idea that behavior is determined by its consequences, be they reinforcements or punishments, which make it more or less likely that the behavior will occur again.
