Pleura Intro And Pulmonary Ligament Flashcards
What is the primary function of the pleura?
To provide a lubricated surface for lung movement during respiration
The pleura secretes serous fluid, which serves as a lubricant.
What are the two layers of the pleura?
- Visceral pleura
- Parietal pleura
What is the space between the visceral and parietal pleura called?
Pleural cavity
What does the visceral pleura cover?
The surface of the lung except at the hilum and along the pulmonary ligament
It extends into the fissures of the lungs.
How does the parietal pleura differ from the visceral pleura?
The parietal pleura is thicker and lines the walls of the pulmonary cavity.
What are the four subdivisions of the parietal pleura?
- Costal pleura
- Diaphragmatic pleura
- Mediastinal pleura
- Cervical pleura
What does the costal pleura line?
The inner surface of the thoracic wall
What is the function of the endothoracic fascia?
It loosely attaches the costal pleura to the thoracic wall.
Where does the diaphragmatic pleura cover?
The superior surface of the diaphragm
What is the role of the mediastinal pleura?
It lines the corresponding surface of the mediastinum and forms its lateral boundary.
Where does the cervical pleura extend?
Into the root of the neck about 1 inch (2.5 cm) above the medial end of the clavicle
True or False: The visceral pleura can be easily separated from the lung surface.
False
Fill in the blank: The _______ is a serous membrane lined by flattened epithelium.
pleura
What is the anatomical term for the ‘pulmonary ligament’?
The cuff of pleura that allows movement of bronchi and pulmonary vessels
What is the pulmonary ligament?
A fold that extends from the root of the lung down to the diaphragm between the lung and the mediastinum
The pulmonary ligament is filled with loose areolar tissue and contains few lymphatics.
What are the functions of the pulmonary ligaments?
- Provides a dead space for pulmonary veins to expand during increased venous return
- Allows descent of the root of the lung with diaphragm during inspiration
This expansion of the lung apex occurs into the empty space created below the suprapleural membrane.
What is the term for the apex of the lung covered by the suprapleural membrane?
Cupola
It is important to take utmost care while penetrating this area with an anesthetic needle.
What are the subdivisions of the parietal pleura?
- Cervical pleura
- Costal pleura
- Mediastinal pleura
- Diaphragmatic pleura
These subdivisions are important for understanding the anatomy of the thoracic cavity.
What structures are anterior to the cervical pleura?
Subclavian artery and scalenus anterior muscle
These relations help in identifying the anatomical landmarks in the cervical region.
What structures are posterior to the cervical pleura?
Neck of the 1st rib and structures passing in front of it
This position is significant during surgical procedures in the thoracic region.
What is the costodiaphragmatic recess of pleura?
The space opposite the 8th to 10th ribs
This recess is important for understanding fluid accumulation in the pleural cavity.
What is the costomediastinal recess of pleura?
The space where the costal pleura meets the mediastinal pleura
This area can also be involved in pathological processes affecting the pleura.
True or False: The pulmonary ligament is filled with dense connective tissue.
False
The pulmonary ligament is filled with loose areolar tissue.
Fill in the blank: The _______ pleura covers the apex of the lung.
Cervical
The cervical pleura, also known as cupola, is crucial for the coverage of the lung apex.
