please Flashcards
Statistical significance means?
the results of the data show that the results are probably not due to chance.
In a correlational study, a positive correlation means that?
both variables increase or decrease at the same time.
Wilhelm Wundt’s technique of introspection led to psychology’s use of?
the scientific method
Who wrote an analysis of the negative psychological effects of colonial subjugation upon black people and the psychology of oppression?
Frantz Fanon
Who is known as the founder of Behaviorism?
John Watson
The Sociocultural approach utilizes multiple perspectives and looks to see how behavior varies due to _____
culture , age, gender and social situations.
Psychology can trace its development as a scientific field back to two other fields.One of those two fields is?
Philosophy.
Which of the following is part of the procedure for an experiment?
Select a random group of people from the population
Although psychologists use different methods and study different behaviors, they all conduct ______ studies.
systematic
the Sociocultural approach utilizes multiple perspectives and looks to see how behavior varies due to culture age, gender and ___________ situations.
social
Research psychology
designs and conducts experiments in the study of behavior.
Applied psychology
uses psychological theories to solve real world problems.
Clinical psychology
diagnoses, treats, and prevents mental disorders.
Forensic psychology
applies psychology to the field of criminal investigation and the law.
Industrial and Organizational psychology
performs scientific studies of employees, the workplace, and organizations
This theory focuses on our mental abilities in guiding behavior?
Cognitive
This theory studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine behavior.
Psychodynamic
Psychologists who study biological, emotional, cognitive and social changes that occur over a lifetime are called?
developmental psychologists
____________ psychologists work within the educational system to help children with emotional, social, and academic issues.
school
A psychologist studies the same group of people at regular intervals over a period of years in a?
longitudinal study
Structuralism
studied the basic elements of conscious mental experiences
Functionalism
studied how mental processes help people and animals adapt to their environment
Psychodynamic
studies how unconscious motives and conflicts determine behavior
Behaviorism
analyzes observable behavior and studies conditioning and reinforcement
Cognitive
focuses on our mental abilities in guiding behavior
Humanism
focuses on individuals in control of their behavior as a product of free will
Aristotle
the heart is the mechanism of mental processes
John Locke
Described the human mind as a “blank slate” shaped by experiences
Wilhelm Wundt
Established the first laboratory for the scientific study of behavior
Charles Darwin
Theory of evolution and survival of the fittest
Frantz Fanon
Studied the psychology of oppression
Stanley Hall
Founded the American Psychological Association
The __________ group is not given the independent variable.
control
The group to which the independent variable is given is the ______________ group.
experimental
The groups to which the dependent variable is given are the ______________ groups.
control and sample
In a correlational study, the correlation coefficient is a measure of _________ and can range from –1.00 to +1.00.
strength
Which of the following is NOT a type of research strategy
Introspective analysis
The _________ began studying human behavior in the fifth and sixth centuries B.C., and decided that humans were rational beings.
Greeks
The ___________ nervous system contains the brain and spinal cord.
central
Neurons communicate with each other through a(n) ____________ process.
electrochemical
The synapse is crossed because of the presence of ?
Neurotransmitters
Psychoactive drugs interact with _______________ which alter a person’s mood, perception and behavior.
neurotransmitters
What is the consequence for hurting the frontal lobe?
loss of impulse control
What is the consequence for hurting the parietal lobe?
inability to locate and recognize parts of your body
Consequence to harming the occipital lobes?
distorted vision field
consequence of harming the temporal lobes?
loss of hearing and or language.
The function of the frontal lobe in the brain is?
Impulse control
One of the consequences of damage to the parietal lobes of the brain is??
an inability to locate and recognize parts of your body
The function of the occipital lobe in the brain is…
recognize and process visual information.
A(n) _______ takes x-rays of the brain.
CAT scan
A(n) _______ gives detailed pictures of the brain’s soft tissue by aligning spinning atoms in a strong magnetic field.
MRI
interconnected processes that help us understand our world.
Sensation and perception
The __________ in the ear works like the retina in the _____ for transduction.
cochea, eye
This sense is the only sense that has no transduction.
smell
The cochlea in the _______ works like the ______ in the eye for transduction.
ear, retina
one of the Gestalt principles of perception, when we see incomplete figures, will fill in the spaces and see them as complete figures.
closure
In one of the Gestalt principles of perception, the ________________ relationship is the principle by which we organize the perceptual field into stimuli that stand out and those that are left over.
figure ground
Nonrapid eye movement (NREM) sleep includes all stages of sleep EXCEPT
rapid eye movement
The problem solving and information processing theory of dreaming states that?
dreams are caused by people reviewing happenings that occurred when they were awake.
Panic reactions are the most common unpleasant side effects of __________ use.
LSD
An overdose of ________ may cause the user to lose control of breathing and thus die from respiratory failure.
opium
B.F. Skinner
trained animals to perform various activities based on reward and punishment
Albert Bandura
the bobo doll experiment to show observational learning
Ivan Pavlov
trained a dog using classical conditioning
J. Watson and R. Rayner
worked with a baby named little Albert to change a neutral stimulus to a conditioned stimulus.
One schema related to short term memory is ?
chunking
The things you have in your conscious memory right now are being held in your _________
working memory
