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CE - TPR > Plato - Life and The Parable of The Cave > Flashcards

Plato - Life and The Parable of The Cave Flashcards

1
Q

When was he born?

Life

A

427 BC

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2
Q

Where was he born?

Life

A

Athens

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3
Q

What sort of family was he born into?

Life

A

Aristocratic

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4
Q

Who were his brothers? Who was the oldest?

Life

A

Glaucon and Adeimantus
Glaucon was the oldest.

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5
Q

Who did Glaucon know well, and what did he say to Glaucon?

Life

A

Socrates, ‘The best and most just man is happiest, and that man is king of himself.’

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6
Q

Who plays an important role in the Republic?

Life

A

Adeimantus

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7
Q

Who was Socrates?

Life

A

Plato’s great friend and philosopher. One of the first people to want a democracy over an oligarchy.

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8
Q

When and why was Socrates put to death and what did he say at his trial?

Life

A

399 BC because of treason.
‘The unexamined life is not worth living.’

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9
Q

What was Plato’s early education for?

Life

A

To train him to become a politician.

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10
Q

What was Athens fighting for most of Plato’s life?

Life

A

The Peloponnesian war.

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11
Q

What was Plato’s first occupation and how long did he do it for?

Life

A

A soldier for three campaigns.

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12
Q

What did Plato learn from the Pythagorean philosophers?

Life

A

About mathematics and reality. He learnt that this world is just a reflection of the real world.

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12
Q

Which brothers fought with him in these campaigns?

Life

A

Neither of them.

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13
Q

When was Athens in political turmoil?

Life

A

After the death of General Pericles.

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14
Q

Why did Plato return to Athens?

Life

A

To teach its leading young men to be democratic rulers. By the time he had returned, he was already a respected philosopher.

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15
Q

Why did Plato reject oligarchy?

Life

A

Because it lead to bloodshed.

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16
Q

Why did Plato found the Academy?

Life

A

To teach the sons of leading Athenian families.

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17
Q

What did Plato argue about democracy?

Life

A

It should mean many well educated people leading a ruling wisely.

18
Q

What was the Academy’s purpose?

Life

A

To make people think and philosophise what is true.

19
Q

Who did Plato teach and where?

Life

A

King Dionysius’s son in Syracuse, Sicily.

20
Q

Was his teaching job a success?

Life

A

No, the son hated maths, and didn’t think it would be useful in the future.

21
Q

Why did Plato write the Republic?

Life

A

To teach his pupils at his new academy.

22
Q

How did his books use dialogue and why?

Life

A

To teach his ideas, making them more relatable. Used stories, allegories and parables.

23
Q

When did Plato die?

Life

A

347 BC

24
Q

What is he best known for doing?

Life

A

Helping form the foundation of Western Philosophy.

25
Q

Where is the Parable of the Cave found?

Parable of the Cave

A

In the Republic.

26
Q

Where is the parable set?

Parable of the Cave

A

In an underground cave.

27
Q

Who have been chained together?

Parable of the Cave

A

Prisoners.

28
Q

What can the prisoners only see?

Parable of the Cave

A

The back of the wall, the shadows of objects.

29
Q

How are the shadows made?

Parable of the Cave

A

There is a fire behind the actual objects, making the shadow.

30
Q

What happens first?

Parable of the Cave

A

The prisoners chains are removed, and he is forced to turn around.

31
Q

Where does he first go?

Parable of the Cave

A

Up a steep path to the entrance of the cave.

32
Q

What is his initial reaction to the sunlight?

Parable of the Cave

A

He finds it painful (his eyes).

32
Q

What happens when his eyes have adjusted?

Parable of the Cave

A

He looks into the sun itself and is pleased.

33
Q

After he returns back to the cave, what do the prisoners think?

Parable of the Cave

A

His journey has been a waste of time.

34
Q

What happens when the ex-prisoner tries to teach them?

Parable of the Cave

A

They try to kill him.

35
Q

‘Where prisoners have been chained together.’
What do the prisoners represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

Ordinary people; people who are naïve and ignorant.

36
Q

‘Where prisoners have been chained together.’
What do the chains represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

Until we see The Good, we are not free.

37
Q

‘What they see are the shadows of objects’.
What do the shadows of objects represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

We are led to believe this is the real world.
People see shadows before they start thinking for themselves (5 senses).

38
Q

‘He makes his way up a steep path to the entrance of the cave’.
What does the word ‘steep’ represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

The journey is arduous and challenging.

39
Q

‘At first his eyes find the sunlight painful.’
What does the word ‘painful’ represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

The journey is hard and uncomfortable, not easy.

40
Q

‘He looks into the sun itself.’
What does the sun represent?

Parable of the Cave

A

The truth / ultimate reality
‘The Good’.

41
Q

‘When the ex-prisoner attempts to teach them, they try to kill him.’
Why do they try to kill him?

Parable of the Cave

A

The feel threatened, as many people don’t want to make that journey, and it has many risks if undertook.

42
Q

When would a journey like this start?

Parable of the Cave

A

When you open your eyes and start thinking for yourself.

CE - TPR (3 decks)

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