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Environmental Science > Plate tectonics + Seasons > Flashcards

Plate tectonics + Seasons Flashcards

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1
Q

What angle of tilt is the earth’s axis?

A

23 1/2

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2
Q

How long does it take the earth to revolve around the axis?

A

24 hours

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3
Q

How long does it take the earth to revolve around the sun?

A

365.25 days

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4
Q

What season is it for the Northern Hemisphere when the earth is closest to the sun?

A

Winter

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5
Q

What season is it for the Southern Hemisphere when the earth is closest to the sun?

A

Summer

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6
Q

When is the first day of summer and what is it called?

A

June 20-22, Summer Solstice

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7
Q

When is the first day of fall and what is it called?

A

9/20-9/22, Autumnal Equinox

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8
Q

When is the first day of winter and what is it called?

A

12/20-22, Winter Solstice

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9
Q

When is the first day of spring and what is it called?

A

3/20-22, Vernal Equinox

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10
Q

In what season does the sun appear lowest in the sky?

A

Winter

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11
Q

In what season does the sun appear highest in the sky?

A

Summer

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12
Q

What is the inner core made out of?

A

Iron and Nickle, It’s a solid

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13
Q

What is the outer core made of?

A

Liquid (Magma?)

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14
Q

What helps deflect solar winds?

A

The earth’s magnetic force

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15
Q

What can a convection current be compared to?

A

A lava lamp

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16
Q

What are the three types of plate movement?

A

Divergent, Convergent, and Transform

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17
Q

What happens when plates are Divergent?

A

They move away from each other

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18
Q

What happens when plates are Convergent?

A

They move towards each other

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19
Q

What happens when plates are Transverse?

A

They slide past each other

20
Q

What is the Trifecta of analyzing natural disasters?

A

Environmental, Societal, and Economic

21
Q

What are the types of plates?

A

Oceanic and Continental

22
Q

What happens when Continental + Continental plates collide?

A

There’s not much subduction, crust buckles and folds and creates mountains.

23
Q

What natural formations are caused by Continent / Continent plate collision?

A

Mountains

24
Q

What are some famous results of CC collision?

A

Rocky Mountains, Appalachian Mountains, Himalayan Mountains.

25
Q

What happens when Continental / Oceanic plates collide?

A

The oceanic crust subducts because it is denser and thinner, then melts and becomes magma, the magma then rises and breaks through the crust creating volcanoes.

26
Q

What natural formations are caused by Continent / Oceanic plate collision?

A

A series of volcanoes / Volcanic mountain chains

27
Q

What are some famous results of CO collision?

A

Cascade Mountains

28
Q

What happens when Oceanic + Oceanic crust collides?

A

One plate subducts, melts, the magma rises, breaks through the rust, and forms volcanoes.

29
Q

What natural formations are caused by OO collisions?

A

Volcanoes / a Volcanic Island arc

30
Q

What are some famous results of OO collision?

A

Japan, Aleutian Islands

31
Q

What is the importance of P and S waves?

A

They help us map the center of the earth

32
Q

Which type of wave cannot travel through liquids?

A

S waves

33
Q

What do divergent boundaries create?

A

New crust, earthquakes, and volcanism.

34
Q

Where are most divergent boundaries found?

A

In the ocean

35
Q

What are some of the most famous divergent boundaries?

A

Atlantic ridge, African rift valley

36
Q

What causes divergent boundaries to spread?

A

Convection currents

37
Q

Explain the process of a convection current

A

Gravity pulls cooler parts of the mantle downwards, then those parts heat up and rise due to less density. The cycle then repeats.

38
Q

What natural disasters do Transverse / Transform boundaries create?

A

Since there is no subduction no land forms, however it causes powerful earthquakes.

39
Q

Explain the process of how transverse boundaries create earthquakes

A

Friction builds due to pressure and when the plates slip it causes an earthquake.

40
Q

What are some famous results of transverse boundaries?

A

San Andreas Fault, CA

41
Q

Explain the process of an earthquake

A

Plates are pressed together with tremendous force, the pressure / energy is building due to convection currents and can cause a sudden slip along the fault / boundary. The sudden slip releases a bunch of energy.

42
Q

Why does aftershock occur?

A

After the plates slip they must come back / equalize again

43
Q

What is a hotspot?

A

A piece of the deeper mantle rises below the crust and creates volcanoes not along a plate boundary.

44
Q

What must occur for a Tsunami to be created?

A

The earthquake must be underwater and the sea floor must be displaced.

45
Q

What is a negative societal + environmental impact of Tsunamis?

A

Saltwater intrusion to freshwater, intrusion on aquifers.

Environmental Science (1 decks)

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