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Q1 - SCIENCE > Plate Tectonics ang Geological Activities > Flashcards

Plate Tectonics ang Geological Activities Flashcards

1
Q

Compositional Layers

A

Crust
Mantle
Core
* determined by their components

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2
Q

Mechanical Layers

A

Lithosphere
Astenosphere
Mesosphere
Outer Core
Inner Core
- determined by their physical properties

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3
Q

Plates
Tectonic Plates
Lithospheric Plates

A

all the same things and meaning

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4
Q

Crust

A

outermost layer of the Earth

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5
Q

Two types of Crust

A

Continental Crust
Oceanic Crust

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6
Q

Continental Crust

A
  • thicker
  • less dense
  • granitic rocks
  • older then oceanic
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7
Q

Oceanic Crust

A
  • thinner
  • more dense
  • basaltic rock
  • younger than continental
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8
Q

Mantle

A

located between the Earth’s crust and core

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9
Q

Two main sections of Mantle

A

Upper Mantle
Lower Mantle

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10
Q

Core

A

innermost layer of the Earth
composed of iron and nickel

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11
Q

Two parts of the Core

A

Outer core
Inner core

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12
Q

Lithosphere

A

rigid layer of the Earth

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13
Q

Asthenosphere

A

semi-fluid layer that behaves plastically

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14
Q

Mesosphere

A
  • strong and lower part of the mantle
  • more rigid and less ductile than asthenosphere
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15
Q

Outer core

A

liquid layer of th Earth’s core

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16
Q

Inner core

A

solid and the central part of the Earth’s core

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17
Q

Discontinuities

A

layers are seperated from each other by transition zones

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18
Q

Scientists involved in discontinuity

A

Victor Conrad
Andrijia Mohorovicic
William C. Repetti
Beno Gutenberg
Inge Lehmann

19
Q

Conrad Discontinuity

A

between upper and lower crust

20
Q

Moho/ Mohorovicic Discontinuity

A

between lower crust and upper mantle

21
Q

Repetti Discontinuity

A

between upper and lower mantle

22
Q

Gutenberg Discontinuity

A

between lower mantle and upper outer core

23
Q

Lehmann Discontinuity

A

between outer and inner core

24
Q

Seismic Waves

A

waves of energy that travel through the Earth’s layers

25
Q

2 types of Body Waves

A

P- waves (Primary waves)
S- waves (Secondary waves)

26
Q

P- waves (Primary waves)

A
  • compressional waves that move back and forth direction
  • fastest and travel through all state of matter
27
Q

S- waves (Secondary waves)

A
  • shear waves that moves in perpendicular direction
  • slower and travel only in solid matters
28
Q

Surface Waves

A
  • travel among Earth’s surface and cause more damage
  • slower than body waves
29
Q

2 types of Surface waves

A

Love waves
Rayleigh waves

30
Q

Love waves

A

cause horizontal shearing of the ground

31
Q

Rayleigh waves

A

cause a rolling motion, combining both vertical and horizontal movements

32
Q

Tectonic Plates

A

huge slabs of solid rock

33
Q

Scientists involved in PT Theory

A

Alfred Wegener (1912)
Arthur Holmes (1920s- 1930s)
Harry Hess (1960s)
Robert S. Dietz (1960s)
Walter Munk
J. Tuzo Wilson

34
Q

Plate Boundaries

A

lines at the edge of the different pieces of the lithosphere

35
Q

Plate Tectonic Theory

A

Earth’s lithosphere move slowly and constantly over time

36
Q

Formation of Plate Boundaries

A

Divergent
Convergent
Transform Fault

37
Q

Divergent Plate Boundaries

A
  • seperate and move apart in opposite direction
  • occurs at mid-ocean ridges (seafloor spreading) or rifted continental margins (rift valley)
38
Q

Convergent Plate Boundaries

A

two plates move toward each other

39
Q

Why oceanic plate sinks?

A
  • it is denser than the continental plate
  • convergence of two, the older plate sinks
40
Q

Subduction

A

geological process in which one tectonic plate moves under another and sinks into the mantle as the plates converge

41
Q

Transform Fault Boundaries

A
  • two plates slides past each other
  • also called as Strike-slip fault
42
Q

Crustal Plates

A
  • large and rigid pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere that move and interact on the planet’s surface
  • is divided into several major and minor plates
43
Q

Major Tectonic Plates

A

Pacific Plate
North American Plate
Eurasian Plate
African Plate
Antartic Plate
Indo- Australian Plate
South Amerian Plate

44
Q

Minor Tectonic Plates

A

Nazca Plate
Phillipine Plate
Arabian Plate
Carbbean Plate
Cocos Plate
Scotia Plate
Juan de Fuca Plate

Q1 - SCIENCE (1 decks)

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