Plate Tectonics

Question 1

It is the strong and rigid part of the Earth consisting of the oceanic and continental crust.

Answer 1

Lithosphere

Question 2

These are ridge segments and a deep canyon-like structure formed in diverging plate boundary.

Answer 2

Rift Valley

Question 3

The mechanism that operates along the oceanic ridge system to create new seafloor.

Answer 3

Seafloor Spreading

Question 4

It occurs because cold slabs of oceanic lithosphere are denser than the
underlying warm asthenosphere and that is pulled down into the mantle by
gravity.

Answer 4

Slab Pull

Question 5

The lithospheric plates are believed to be moving slowly. What is the driving force that allows this movement?

Answer 5

Convection current in the mantle

Question 6

Based on the plate boundary that occurs between Nazca and South American plate, which of the following landforms will result?

• Convergent Plates

Answer 6

Trenches

Question 7

When a new seafloor is formed at the mid-ocean ridge, the old seafloor farthest from the ridge is destroyed. Which of the following processes describes how the oceanic crust plunges into the Earth and destroyed at the mantle?

Answer 7

Subduction

Question 8

Trenches or oceanic trenches are the deepest part of the ocean. Which of the following plate boundaries will trenches occur?

Answer 8

Convergent Plate Boundary

Question 9

How is the Himalayan Mountain Range formed?

Answer 9

Convergence of two continental plates

Question 10

How is an oceanic ridge formed?

Answer 10

A gap is created when two oceanic lithosphere separates, the gap is filled by rising magma, magma cools and solidifies to create new oceanic lithosphere

Question 11

What are the 7 major tectonic plates?

Answer 11

• African
• Antarctic
• Eurasian,
• Indo-Australian
• North American
• Pacific
• South American.

Question 12

Which of the following is the type of plate boundary where two plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of hot material from the mantle to create new seafloor?

Answer 12

Divergent Plate Boundary

Question 13

The East Pacific Rise, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge and the Mid-Indian Ridge are evidences of?

Answer 13

Seafloor spreading

Question 14

San Andreas Fault is known to be?

Answer 14

Transfrom fault

Question 15

Which of the following is not true about rift valleys?

• Rift valleys are formed when Earth’s crust come together.
• Rift valleys can appear on land or beneath bodies of water.
• Rift valleys are long, deep valleys bounded by parallel faults.
• Rift valleys are formed where Earth’s crust is being pulled apart.

Answer 15

Rift valleys are formed when Earth’s crust come together (because rift valleys are a result of divergent boundaries)

Question 16

The lithosphere is divided into 2 parts. What are they?

Answer 16

Oceanic and Continental

Question 17

Explain Asthenosphere

Answer 17

The asthenosphere is the upper part of the mantle where rocks are starting to approach their melting points due to the increase in temperature and pressure. The “plastic” and malleable asthenosphere allows the tectonic plates to move.

Question 18

Explain Divergent Plate Boundary (aka spreading centers)

Answer 18

Plates that move away from each other.

Question 19

Explain Convergent Plate Boundary (aka subduction zones)

Answer 19

Plates that move towards each other.

Question 20

Explain Transform Plate Boundary

Answer 20

Plates that grind past each other.

Question 21

Explain what would happen between Oceanic + Continental (Convergent)

Answer 21

When they collide, the oceanic crust goes bellow since it’s heavier forming a trench

Question 22

Explain what would happen between Oceanic + Oceanic (Convergent)

Answer 22

When they collide, the older oceanic crust goes bellow since it’s heavier forming a site of Island Arc or a Volcanic Island Arc.

Question 23

Explain what would happen between Continental + Continental (Convergent)

Answer 23

When they collide, they form a mountain range.

Question 24

What do Transform Plate Boundaries create?

Answer 24

None.

Question 25

Explain Convection Cycle

Answer 25

Once you go deep into the mantle, the hotter the rock is the lighter it is, and vice-versa. The varying temperature of the rocks create the cycle, and sometimes those rocks slam each other, or move away from each other.

Question 26

Explain Ridge Push

Answer 26

Ridges have a higher elevation compare to the other oceanic lithosphere. There is a gravity that helps pull the plates apart which results to divergent boundaries.

Question 27

Explain Slab Pull

Answer 27

The denser lithosphere is being pulled below to the mantle and with it, it also pulls the other lithosphere with it.

Question 28

What is Mantle Drag?

Answer 28

Mantle drag is the opposing force of the slab pull.