plate techtonic gw1 Flashcards
main layers of earth
inner and outer core
upper and lower mantle
oceanic and continental crust
what causes tectonic plate to move
slab pull force
convectional current
convectional current
Convectional current is the heat within the mantle. Core heats up the materials in the mantle causing materials to expand, rise and spread out beneath the plates. The spreading causes plates to move away from each other causing divergent plate boundaries. The hot mantle materials then cools and shrinks, pulling the plates along with it causing convergent and transform plate boundaries
oceanic-oceanic divergent plate boundary
Forms between North American plate and Eurasian plate
When the plate move away from each other, fractures are formed at the plate boundary. Magma rises at the zone of divergence to fill the gap between the plates. Magma cools and solidifies the earth’s ocean floor, creating new sea floor.
It forms oceanic ridge such as Mid Atlantic Ridge and volcanic islands such as Azone in Iceland
Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common
continental-continental divergent plate boundary
Between African Philippines plate and African Pacific plate
As continental plate move away, it stretches are faults are formed. This is caused by tensional force during faulting. The central block between two parallel faults sinks and forms rift valley such as East African Rift Valley. Block mountains are beside rift valley. Magma rises to form volcano such as Mount Nyiragongo. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common
oceanic-oceanic convergent plate boundary
Between Philippines plate and Pacific plate
When both oceanic plates collides and push each other, the denser Pacific plate subducts under the less dense Philippines plate at the subduction point. This creates a depression at the subduction zone called oceanic trench such as Mariana Trench. Magma rises to form volcanic islands such as Mariana Islands. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common
oceanic-continental convergent plate boundary
Between oceanic Australian plate and continental Eurasian plate. When both plates converge, the denser Australian oceanic plate subducts under the less dense continental Euraisn plate. This creates an oceanic trench such as Sunda Trench. Fold mountains such as Barisan mountains are formed. Magma rises to form volcano. Earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are common
continental continental convergent plate boundary
between Eurasian plate and Indian plate
The 2 continental plates collides and push against each other, resisting subduction. Fold mountains such as Himalayas mountain are formed. Plateaus such as Tibetan plateau is formed. Only earthquakes are common.
transform plate boundary
earthquakes are common
between Anatolian plate and Eurasian plate
forms North Anatolian fault
