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HAZARDS > Plate Boundaries > Flashcards

Plate Boundaries Flashcards

1
Q

Name 3 plate margins?

A

Destructive
Constructive
Conservative

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2
Q

Name the 3 types of destructive margins?

A

Oceanic-Oceanic
Continental-Continental
Oceanic-Continental

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3
Q

What is an example of oceanic-oceanic plate margin?

A

South America

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4
Q

What is an example of continental-continental plate margin?

A

Himalayas

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5
Q

What is an example of oceanic-continental plate margin?

A

Indonesia

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6
Q

What is an example of constructive plate margin?

A

Mid-Atlantic Ridge - Iceland

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7
Q

What is an example of conservative plate margin?

A

San Andreas USA

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8
Q

What is an example of a mantle plume?

A

Yellowstone

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9
Q

What happens if the collision at destructive plate margin is with 2 continental plates?

A

There will be a young fold mountain range along with the volcanoes

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10
Q

What happens if the collision at destructive plate margin is with 2 oceanic plates??

A

There will be an island arc, a curved line of volcanic islands e.g Indonesia

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11
Q

When do earthquakes occur and what is the zone called?

A

At shallow depths under the oceanic trench and get progressively deeper.

Benioff zone

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12
Q

What does the Benioff zone mark?

A

The subduction of one plate underneath another

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13
Q

What happens when 2 oceanic plates converge?

A

The denser crust subverts the other

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14
Q

What happens as the oceanic plate descends??

A

It melts and magma rises forming a island arc

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15
Q

What happens when a collision at the destructive plate margin is with an oceanic-continental plate?

A

A trench is created due to subduction
Also form of earthquakes, volcanic mountain ranges and volcanoes

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16
Q

What happens when oceanic and continental plates meet??

A

Oceanic crust sinks or subducts below less dense and lighter continental crust

17
Q

What does the oceanic crust being subducted lead to formation of?

A

Trench

18
Q

What does the process of oceanic-continental plates meeting form?

A

Deep ocean trenches, volcanic mountain ranges known as continental arcs

19
Q

How are intense earthquakes and volcanic activity created by the oceanic-continental plates meeting?

A

Caused due to melting of the subducting oceanic crust which generates magma that rises to form volcanoes

20
Q

How does a mid-ocean ridge occur at constructive margins?

A

A uplifting in the ocean floor occurs when convection currents rise in the mantle beneath the oceanic crust and creates magma where the 2 tectonic plates meet at a divergent boundary

21
Q

What is at the centre of the mid-ocean ridge?

A

Axial rift

22
Q

How are axial rifts formed?

A

By pairs of faults

23
Q

What is the landform at conservative plate margins?

A

The fault itself

24
Q

What doesn’t occur at conservative plate margins?

A

No subduction meaning no crust melted to form magma - no volcanic activity

25
Q

What is a hot spot?

A

A volcano generally away from a plate boundary

26
Q

How are hot spots caused?

A

By mantle plumes

27
Q

What is a mantle plume?

A

A stationary area of high heat flow in the mantle which rises from great depths and produces magma that feeds hot spot volcanoes

28
Q

How do mantle plumes show plate movement?

A

Chains of volcanoes are produced and the mantle plume is stationary but the plates moves across the head of the plume which causes magma to be produce and this produces volcanoes

29
Q

What happens as the plate moves with the mantle plume?

A

Volcanoes stop erupting and a new volcano forms producing a volcanic chain

30
Q

What are features of mantle plumes under oceanic crust?

A

These produce shield volcanoes

31
Q

What are features of mantle plumes under continental crust?

A

Produces large calderas volcanoes with very explosive eruptions

HAZARDS (6 decks)

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