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Bio 1st Chap 1 Nums > Plastids And Chloroplasts > Flashcards

Plastids And Chloroplasts Flashcards

1
Q

What are plastids?

A

Organelles found in the cells of plants and algae, responsible for photosynthesis, storage, and the synthesis of other organic molecules.

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2
Q

True or False: Chloroplasts are a type of plastid.

A

True

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3
Q

What is the primary function of chloroplasts?

A

To conduct photosynthesis by converting light energy into chemical energy.

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4
Q

Fill in the blank: Chloroplasts contain the pigment ________ which is essential for photosynthesis.

A

chlorophyll

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5
Q

What are the three main types of plastids?

A

Chloroplasts, chromoplasts, and leucoplasts.

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6
Q

Multiple choice: Which plastid is responsible for the storage of starch?

A

Leucoplast

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7
Q

What is the structure that contains thylakoids in chloroplasts?

A

The stroma

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8
Q

True or False: All plastids contain DNA.

A

True

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9
Q

What is the role of chromoplasts?

A

To synthesize and store pigments that give color to fruits and flowers.

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10
Q

Fill in the blank: The process of photosynthesis occurs in the ________ of chloroplasts.

A

thylakoid membranes

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11
Q

Multiple choice: Which plastid is primarily involved in the synthesis of fats?

A

Leucoplast

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12
Q

What is the end product of photosynthesis?

A

Glucose

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13
Q

True or False: Chloroplasts can only be found in plant cells.

A

False

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14
Q

What is the fluid-filled space surrounding thylakoids called?

A

Stroma

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15
Q

Fill in the blank: The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis occur in the ________ membranes.

A

thylakoid

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16
Q

What is the primary pigment found in chloroplasts?

A

Chlorophyll a

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17
Q

Multiple choice: Which plastid is typically colorless?

A

Leucoplast

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18
Q

What is the process by which chloroplasts convert sunlight into chemical energy called?

A

Photosynthesis

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19
Q

True or False: Plastids can change from one type to another based on the cell’s needs.

A

True

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20
Q

What is the main function of leucoplasts?

A

Storage of starch, oils, and proteins.

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21
Q

Fill in the blank: The green color of plants is primarily due to the presence of ________.

A

chlorophyll

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22
Q

What are the two main stages of photosynthesis?

A

Light-dependent reactions and light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle).

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23
Q

Multiple choice: Which of the following is NOT a function of plastids?

A

Cellular respiration

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24
Q

What do chromoplasts contain that contributes to the coloration of plants?

A

Carotenoids and other pigments.

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25
True or False: Chloroplasts have their own ribosomes and DNA.
True
26
What is the term for the internal membranes that form stacks in chloroplasts?
Thylakoids
27
Fill in the blank: The Calvin cycle occurs in the ________ of chloroplasts.
stroma
28
What is the main advantage of having chloroplasts in plant cells?
They enable plants to produce their own food through photosynthesis.
29
Multiple choice: Which process takes place in the thylakoid membranes?
Light-dependent reactions
30
True or False: Chloroplasts are involved in the synthesis of amino acids.
True
31
What is the role of water in photosynthesis?
It is split to provide electrons and protons, and oxygen is released as a byproduct.
32
Fill in the blank: The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis are also known as the ________ cycle.
Calvin
33
What is the primary source of energy for photosynthesis?
Sunlight
34
Multiple choice: What do chloroplasts produce as a byproduct of photosynthesis?
Oxygen
35
True or False: Plastids can only be found in eukaryotic cells.
True
36
What type of light do chlorophyll pigments primarily absorb?
Red and blue light
37
Fill in the blank: The energy captured during photosynthesis is stored in the form of ________.
glucose
38
What is the role of NADP+ in photosynthesis?
It serves as an electron carrier.
39
Multiple choice: Which plastid is mainly responsible for the coloration of flowers?
Chromoplast
40
True or False: The stroma contains enzymes necessary for the Calvin cycle.
True
41
What are the two main components of chlorophyll?
Porphyrin ring and phytol tail.
42
Fill in the blank: The conversion of light energy into chemical energy occurs during the ________ reactions.
light-dependent
43
What is the significance of the endosymbiotic theory in relation to chloroplasts?
It suggests that chloroplasts originated from free-living prokaryotes that were engulfed by ancestral eukaryotic cells.
44
Multiple choice: Which of the following is a feature of chloroplasts?
They have a double membrane.
45
True or False: Chloroplasts can replicate independently of the cell cycle.
True
46
What is the primary function of plastids in plant cells?
To produce and store essential molecules for the plant.
47
Fill in the blank: The process of converting carbon dioxide and water into glucose is called ________.
photosynthesis
48
What is the role of ATP in photosynthesis?
It provides the energy needed for the Calvin cycle.
49
Multiple choice: Which pigment is responsible for the yellow color in plants?
Carotenoids
50
True or False: Chloroplasts are involved in the synthesis of chlorophyll.
True
51
What is the function of the outer membrane of chloroplasts?
To provide a barrier and regulate the entry and exit of molecules.
52
Fill in the blank: The ________ is a semi-permeable membrane surrounding the chloroplast.
envelope
53
What is the significance of thylakoid stacking?
It increases the surface area for light absorption.
54
Multiple choice: What do chloroplasts produce during the light-dependent reactions?
ATP and NADPH
55
True or False: Chromoplasts can convert to chloroplasts under certain conditions.
True
56
What is the main purpose of the Calvin cycle?
To convert carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH.
57
Fill in the blank: The ________ is the site of the light-independent reactions.
stroma
58
What role do pigments play in photosynthesis?
They absorb light energy to drive the photosynthesis process.
59
Multiple choice: Which plastid is found in roots and storage tissues?
Leucoplast
60
True or False: Chloroplasts can only exist in green plants.
False
61
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
ATP, NADPH, and oxygen.
62
Fill in the blank: The ________ cycle is also known as the dark reactions.
Calvin
63
What is the role of light in photosynthesis?
It provides the energy needed to convert water and carbon dioxide into glucose.
64
Multiple choice: Which structure within the chloroplast is involved in light absorption?
Thylakoid
65
True or False: All plastids are involved in photosynthesis.
False
66
What is the role of RuBisCO in the Calvin cycle?
It catalyzes the first step of carbon fixation.
67
Fill in the blank: The main function of plastids is to ________ energy and nutrients.
store
68
What is the primary energy currency of the cell produced during photosynthesis?
ATP
69
Multiple choice: Which type of plastid is involved in the synthesis of pigments?
Chromoplast

Bio 1st Chap 1 Nums (5 decks)

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