Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery

Question 1

What is plastic surgery?

Answer 1

• surgical sub-specialty which involves the diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment of acute and acquired deformities of the skin and soft tissues, and also the skeleton of the face and hand.

Question 2

What are the areas in which plastic surgeons operate?

Answer 2

• congenital anomalies
• skin and soft tissue tumors
• trauma
• burns
• hand surgery
• aesthetic surgery

Question 3

What congenital anomalies do plastic surgeons repair?

Answer 3

• cleft lip and palate
• jaw anomalies
• craniosynostoses, facial clefts
• syndactyly (fusion of fingers or toes), polydactyly
• poland’s syndrome (asymmetric chest)
• hypospadias, epispadias, vaginal agenesis, and intersex anomalies

Question 4

What procedure corrects large protruding ears?

Answer 4

otoplasty

Question 5

What is ectropion?

Answer 5

• eyelid is turned outward away from the eyeball

Question 6

What distinguishes malignant melanomas?

Answer 6

• raised, enlarged (over 6 mm), irregular edges, or variation in color.

Question 7

What is microsurgery?

Answer 7

• repair of nerves and blood vessels
• replantation of digits or extremities
• tissue transfer (free flaps)

Question 8

What is endo

Answer 8

• placing small tubes (endoscopes) into the body through the face, chest cavity or abdomen with cameras.
• used for breast augmentation, forehead/brow lift, abdominoplasty, or carpal tunnel.

Question 9

What are some genitalia procedures?

Answer 9

• hypospadias (opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis), epispadias (urethra ends in an opening on the dorsum of the penis), bladder exstrophy
• vaginal agenesis
• vaginoplasty, hymenoplasty
• penile enlargement, lengthening
• gender dysphoria syndrome

Question 10

What are some common aesthetic/cosmetic surgeries?

Answer 10

• rhinoplasty
• blepharoplasty (reconstruction of the eyelids).
• rhytidoplasty, brow/forehead lift
• mammaplasty
• abdominoplasty
• suction assisted lipectomy (liposuction)
• chemical peels (reduce wrinkles and brown spots of the skin).
• microdermabrasion (smoother finish to the skin).
• hair restoration
• permanent cosmetics (tattoo)
• laser procedures: skin rejuvenation, hair removal, acne tx, removal of brown spots, birth marks, spider veins and tattoos.
• genital surgery

Question 11

Is rhinoplasty one of the most difficult cosmetic surgeries?

Answer 11

YES

Question 12

What is enophthalmus?

Answer 12

sinking in of the eye

Question 13

What breast operations are available?

Answer 13

• augmentation mammaplasty
• reduction mammaplasty
• mastopexy (breast lift)
• correction of asymmetry
• post-mastectomy breast reconstruction and management of high risk breast disease
• gynecomastia

Question 14

What does “LASERS” stand for?

Answer 14

• Light Amplification Stimulated Emission Radiation

Question 15

What chemical peels are used?

Answer 15

• alpha hydroxy acids
• TCA
• phenol

Question 16

What are some injectable fillers for wrinkles?

Answer 16

• hyaluronic acid
• hydroxylappetite
• poly-L-Lactic acid (sculptra)