Plasma Membranes Flashcards
what compound allows animal cells to exist without a cell wall.
cholesterol within the phospholipid layers
what does cholesterol within the phospholipid lipid layers do?
it creates a rigid and impermeable cell wall in animal cells
what are transmembrane proteins?
proteins that cross both layers of the bilayer
they are integral
they generally cannot leave
what role do many transmembrane proteins play within the cell?
many are carrier or channel proteins
what are peripheral proteins?
they only interact with the membrane temporarily and can interact with the phospholipid bilayer or attach to a transmembrane protein
what can peripheral protein interactions cause?
different responses e.g. tell a transmembrane channel to close - which is important to cell signalling
what is the extracellular matrix?
the surroundings of an animal cell that consists of glycoproteins, polysaccharides and other things.
what does interstitial mean?
connects between nearby cells that arent attached to each other
can the extracellular membrane be interstitial?
yes
what is a base membrane?
a base that cells can be attached to giving them strength and stability.
what are glycoproteins/glyoclipids?
chains of sugars attached to proteins or lipids
where are glycoproteins/glycolipids located?
only on the outside of the cell
what role to glycoproteins/glycolipids play?
they are very important for cell-cell recognition
what is the defining factor for blood type?
the different glycoproteins attached to the outside of red blood cells (determines blood type)
what determines the fluidity of the phospholipid membrane?
the number of unsaturated lipids in the phospholipd tails
what are microdomains and how are they formed?
a collection of proteins and lipids that are floating within the membrane
what can happen when two cells fuse?
the proteins in their membrane can mix
which kind of molecules can cross the membrane unaided?
small hydrophobic molecules
and very small non-ionic molecules