plasma membrane

Question 1

Diffusion

Answer 1

A net movement of substances travelling down its concentration gradient
-high concentration to low concentration

Question 2

dynamic equilibrium

Answer 2

When the distribution of particles are equally distributed

Question 3

Simple diffusion

Answer 3

When molecules directly go through the cell membrane phospholipid bilayer they are usually small molecules or nonpolar eg carbon dioxide and oxygen passive transport=no energy

Question 4

passive transport

Answer 4

Input energy is not needed (ATP)

Question 5

concentration gradient

Answer 5

moving with the flow (high concentration to low concentration)

Question 6

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 6

Transport protein(carrier and channel proteins) helps molecules that are too big or polar to pass through,eg glucose

Question 7

Cholesterol

Answer 7

Stabilizes membrane what keeps structure so not over crowded or far away making it better at what what passes through it

Question 8

Protein channels (integral)

Answer 8

Help transport material through the cell membrane especially when they have a hard time passing through

Question 9

Peripheral proteins:

Answer 9

Act at enzymes speed up reactions attracting cytoskeleton structure to help with cell shape

Question 10

Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Helps with cell identification

Question 11

Osmotic pressure:

Answer 11

Pressure created by water moving across the membrane due to osmosis
More water moving=higher osmotic pressure

Question 12

Things that affect the rate of diffusion

Answer 12

-distance the greater distance need to be travelled the slower diffusion rate
- higher temp more movement of molecules therefore diffusion faster
- particle size smaller particles faster rate of diffusion

Question 13

Osmosis

Answer 13

Movement of water through a semipermeable membrane(high concentration to low )
Water molecules can travel through cell membrane or through protein channels in larger quantities
Low water= high solute concentration(eg sugar)
-water loves to move towards solute

Question 14

hypertonic
Hypotonic

Answer 14

-higher solute(sugar, salt) concentration, less water

-lower solute concentration, more water

Question 15

Active transport

Answer 15

Opposite of diffusion goes against concentration gradient so low to high concentration atp is needed

Question 16

Polar vs non polar

Answer 16

Some molecules have positive and negative ends too, and when they do, we call them polar. If they don’t, we call them non-polar.

Question 17

findings:

Answer 17

The potato cylinders placed in pure water or weak sucrose solutions will gain mass as water will have moved from an area of high concentration (outside the potato cells) to an area of lower concentration (inside the potato cells)

The potato cylinders placed in strong sucrose solutions will lose mass/length as water will have moved from an area of high concentration (inside the potato cells) to an area of lower concentration (outside the potato cells).

Question 18

plasma membrane

Answer 18

-Outer boundary of cell

-Protects the cell

-Composed of lipid molecules that are interspersed with tiny protein channels.

-Controls what enters and leaves the cell.

Question 19

things that may affect ability to pass through

Answer 19

-size
-chemical formula
-charge