Plants lesson 1 Flashcards
SporoPHYTE
Diploid plant that produces spores
Sporerangia
organs in the sporophyte where spores are made
Spotocytes
Diploid cell that undergo meiosis to produce haploid spores
Apical meristan
Increases shoots &roots through rapid cell division
found at the root/shoot tip
made of undifferented cells
Bryophytes
Non vascular + seedless
liver worts
mosses
horn worts
Spermatophytes
vascular + seed plants
gymnosperms & angiosperms
Vascular & seedless
Lycophytes: club mosses, quill worts, spike mosses
Pterophytes: whisk ferns, horse tails & ferns
Vascular plants
for plants to evolve evolution of vascular tissue is needed
contains xylem (water and nutrients) & Pholem ( food transport: sugars and proteins)
Plants protection
- Cuticle waxy water proof cover protects the leaves & stems
- can prevent intake of carbon dioxide
Plants coevolve with animals
produce nectar to lure animals into dispersing pollen
- creates poisonous secondary metabolites to discourage predation
Green algae
share common traits with land plants
phragmoplasts have flagellated sperm but not alteration of generations.
Non vascular plants
seedless
small, gametophyte is the dominant stage of the life cycle, has no roots, absorbs water on all exposed surfaces
Worts
Liver worts- closely related to first land plants
Horn worts - has a single chloroplast per cell
Mosses
Colonize harsh habitats
Ferns
most advanced group of seedless vascular plants
Gymnosperms
- dominant group during the Triassic
- naked seeds
- separate female and male gametes
Coniferophyta
largest phylum
water evaporation from leaves is reduced by their thin shape and the thick cuticle
snow slides off easily
Cycadophyta
resemble palm trees and grow in tropical climates
- maybe pollinated by beetles
- face possible extinction
Ginkgophyte
Gingko bilboba only representative of the phylum
Eras
Gymnosperms - dominant group during the Triassic
Angiosperms appeared during the Mesozoic
Angiosperms parts
sepals & petals protects the reproductive parts
carpels contain the female gametes
stamens produce male gametes
ovary walls thicken up after fertilization
