Plants Flashcards
Asterales - Asteracease
One of the largest plant families
Species include Dandelion daisies and thistles
Composed of many individual flowers
Can have regular or irregular size petals
Leaves often undivided and spoon shaped
Often a basal rosette
Fables - Fabaceae
Peas Some contain toxic alkaloids Christopher McCandelss story Pea like pods distinct trait of family Irregular flowers 5 petals forming a distinctive banner wings and keel Banner- single petal two lobes Wings- two more petals Keel- remaining two petals are fused together
Malvales- malvaceae
Cotton only member of the family with poisonous properties.
Marshmallow originally derived from a type of holly hock
Flower funnel shaped
5 separate petals
Distinctive column of stamens surrounding the pistil
3-5 partially United sepals, often surrounded by several brackets.
When crushed between fingers slimy texture even in desert species
Polemoniales - Boraginaceae
Forget me not
Good for wound healing medically
Some serve as antidote to poisons
Stems leaves and inflorescence covered in rough hairs
Leaves generally alternate simple entire without stipules
Colour predominately blue.
Ericales - Primulaceae
Primroses Popular ornamental plants Many are artic or alpine Undivided leaves Five petals joined in a tube Five stamens joined to the tube opposite petals Calyx of five parts joined in a tube
Brassicales - Brassicaceae
Cruciferous plants
mustard family
Contains veg such as broccoli cabbage cauliflower and kale
Leaves alternate up stem
Four petals in a cross shape
Clusters of flowers
Papery membrane dividing two chambered seed capsule
Apiales - Apiaceae
Carrot celery and parsley Not all parsley is safe for eating Includes deadliest plant in North America Umbrella shaped Divided leaves Several species are prickly
Gentianales - Rubiaceae
Coffee madder beadstraw Important economic applications. Family includes anti malarial alkaloid quinine Leaves simple and entire Opposite or whorls Four or five staples Unjoined Four or five joined petals Four or five stamens
Caryophyllaceae - Aizoaceae
Stone plants carpet weed
Native to South Africa
Often invasive and exclude native plants
Succulent leave
Flowers with five sepals usually United at the base
No true petals
Caryophyllaceae - Plumbaginaceae
Sea lavender Found world wide Medicinal extracts obtained from some species Simple undivided leaves Basal rosette (dandelion shaped)
Caryophillales- Caryophyllaceae
Carnations
Many species can be mashed and used as a soap substitute
Leaves are undivided and opposite stem is swollen
Stem easily broken at nodes
Regular flowers
Gaps in between leaves
Poales - poaceae
Grasses
Don’t need flowers to attract bugs as find pollinated
All cereal grains
All seeds of grasses are considered eatable
Long thin looks like grass
Asparagales - Amaryllidaceae
Daffodils onions
Onion like bulbs and Judy leaves
Flower heads wrapped in bract
Umbrella shaped
Saxifragales - Crassulaceae
Stone crop
Native to warm dry regions
Many are pot plants
Small fleshy succulent herbs with 3 or more simple pistils
Lamiales - Orobanchaceae
Broomrapes Parasitic plants Irregular tubular flowers 2 petal lobed down 3 petal lobes up
Malpighiales - Euphorbiaceae
Rubber plant
Applications such as food sources, waxes oils medicinal drugs
Single naked female flower in centre
Flowers tubular shape
