plants Flashcards
what do animal cells contain
nucleus, ribosomes, cytoplasm, cell membrane, mitochondria
what do plant cells contain
cytoplasm, nucleus, vacuole, mitochondria, ribosomes, chloroplasts
what is cellular respiration
its a process used by plants and animals to produce energy
where does cellular respiration take place
in the mitochondria
what is the equation for cellular respiration
oxygen + glucose = carbon dioxide + water + energy
what is photosynthesis
photosynthesis is used by plants to make glucose that they need
where does photosynthesis take place
in the chloroplast
what is the equation for photosynthesis
water + carbon dioxide = oxygen + glucose
what are 3 raw materials of photosynthesis
water, carbon dioxide, chlorophyll
what are 3 limiting factors of photosynthesis
carbon dioxide concentration, light intensity, temperature
what is the waxy cuticle
prevents water loss by evaporation
what is the upper epidermis
is transparent to let in sunlight easily
what is the palisade mesophyll layer
lots of chloroplast to maximise photosynthesis
what is the spongy mesophyll layer
lots of air spaces for gases (CO2 and O2) to diffuse throughout the leaf
what is the lower epidermis
has guard cells, when theres not much water the guard cells become flaccid and close the stomata to prevent water loss
what is the vascular bundle/vein
contains xylem and phloem
what is self pollination
where a plant pollinates its self
what is cross pollinatin
where a flower gets pollinated by a different flower
what is the stigma
sticky part of flower to catch pollen
what is the style
where the pollen tube forms
what is the ovary
female reproductive organ - where the eggs are
what is the carpel
the female reproductive organ
what is the filament
holds up the anther
what is the anther
where pollen is created, where the male gametes are
what is the stamen
the male reproductive organ
what are the petals used for
attract pollinators
what are sepals
fake leaves - protect flower before it opens
what is pollination
transfers pollen from the anther to the stigma
what is fertilisation of a plant
the fusing of the sperm with an egg to form a zygote
what is asexual reproduction in plants
no fusion of gametes, no flower
what is sexual reproduction in plants
flowering plants, fusion of gamest, self pollination or cross polination
